Infection Of Wolbachia In Major Trichogramma Wasps In China

Wolbachia , a group of richettsial endosymbiotic bacteria, belong to o-Proteobacteria, Richettsiaceae. These bacteria are transmitted through the cytoplasm of eggs and have evolved various mechanisms for manipulating reproduction of their hosts, including Cytoplasimic Incompatibility (CI), parthenogenesis, feminization, male killing, fecundity or fertility modifying etc. Wolbachia are common and widespread bacteria infecting 17% insect population, 17 crustacean species, mites and many nematodes. As the deep study, more and more infected arthropods are being found.In this paper, the distribution of Wolbachia in major Trichogramma species (T.dendrolimi, T.chiloni, T.evanescens, T.ostriniae and T.embryophagum) in China is discussed. The infection of Wolbachia in all the Trichogramma species in this study are found using the molecular method based on wsp gene, and 12 wsp sequences are obtained in which 11 wsp sequences have submitted to GenBank. The NCBI accession numbers are AY633582 (wDenGDA), AY311486 (wChiA). AY633583 (wChiGDA), AY641091 (wChiGDB) , AY390279 (wEvaA). AY390280 (wEvaB), AY633578 (wOstA), AY633579 (wOstB), AY633580 (wOstC), AY633581 (wOstGDA) and AY288524 (wembA) . Thesuperinfectionphenomenon of Wolbachia are insured in T.evanescens and T.chiloni (Guangdong strain) by using PCR-RFLP analysis. Additional, three Wolbachia strains were found in T.ostriniae population of Beijing. Also we detect the existence of Wolbachia in the host of Ttrichogramma wasps (Coroyra cephalonica and Sitotroga Cerealella) and get the evidence of horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between wasps and the host. Moreover, the ultrastructure, reproductive mode and physiological activity of Wolbachia in T.ostriniae are observed in detail.In this study, the distribution and ultrastructure of Wolbachia in Trichogramma wasps is discussed for the first time. It is the basic of research which was being developed in the large scale. Also it lays the nice foundation for the Trichogramma-Wolbachia study next step.