| Niangziguan is the largest spring of rock dissolved, located in Pingding county of Shanxi province. It situated in the middle of Taihang Mountain and in the junction of Tao river and Wen river. The temperature of the spring is 17 C~19 C, the square is 3600km2. It belonged to the obvious continental climate, windy in spring, rainy in summer and dry in winter. The annual average temperature is 8.6 C~10.7 C, and the annual average rainfall is 538~578mm, and the summit appears in July and August, the rainfall in the period of flood accounted for 70% of the total.We had collected the algae of Niangziguan stream for five times in 2002-2003. The sampling sites are respectively Gunquan, Shuiliandongquan, Shuishangrenjiaquan, Wulongquan and Pingyang lake. We had collected 105 bottles of samples. By the classified system of the Chinese freshwater algae, two hundred thirty three species of algae had been founded, composed of 7 divisions, 36 families and 66 genera.We had studied mainly on the composition, seasonal dynamics and distribution characteristics of the macroalgae in four seasons of 2002. Sixty-two species of macroalge had been founded, composed of 6 divisions, 17 families and 24 genera. Among them, Chlorophyta includes the most, 38 species, which belong to 8 families, 13 genera; the next is Cyanophyta, including 10 species, which belong to 2 families, 4 genera; The third is Rhodopyta, including 7 species, which belong to 4 families and 4 genera; Xanthophyta includes 4 species, which belong to 2 families, 2 genera; and Charophyta includes the least, only 3 species, 1 families, 1 genera. The quantities of algae in Niangziguan appear the most in spring, having 49 species. Among them, Chlorophyta is the most, more than 30 species, and Cyanophyta 10 species, Rhodopyta 6 species, Xanthophyta 3 species, separately. The quantities of algae in autumn are lessthan those in spring, totally 29 species. Among them, Chlorophyta has 22 species, Cyanophyta 4 species, Xanthophyta 3 species, respectively. Fourteen species have been found in summer (Chlorophyta 8 species, Cyanophyta 3 species and Rhodophyta3 species). Ten species have been found in winter (Chlorophyta 5 species, Cyanophyta4 species, Rhodophyta 1 species). Among the macroalgae, Chlorophyta includes the most species and distributes the most widely. It was the most remarkable about the changes in number of Chlorophyta by the season.From the sampling sites distribution of macroalgae in every division, the number of Chlorophyta is the most, more than the total of the other divisions. Cyanophyta distributes equably, and has no obvious difference in every sampling site. And the number of Charophyta and Rhodophyta is less, rich in Wulongquan, and none or less in other sites. From the sampling sites distribution of macroalgae in Niangziguan, macroalgae species is the most in Wulongquan, 30 species, accounting for 48% of the total. The next is Gunquan, 27 species, accounting for 44%, the third is Shuiliandong, 23 species, accounting for 37%, and Pingyanghu 21 species, accounting for 34%, the last is Shuishangrenjia, 17 species, only accounting for 27%.The algal flora in Niangziguan can be mainly divided into 8 algal communities, namely Cladophora-Bangia community, Cladophora community, Chara-Thorea community, Composopogon-Thorea community, Spirogyra-Zygnema community, Vaucheria community, Batrachospermum community and Jaoa community. Some communitiy types are rare or on the verge of disappearance.In this paper, we also analysed the reason of the macroalgae of Niangziguan stream in the severe danger, and at the same time, we put forward some protective policies.
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