| Plants in the nature are consequentially stimulated by all kinds of circumstance including mechanical stress. So the relation of environmental factors on the growth of plant is one of the hot researches in biologist and bio-physical scientist. All previous studies had indicated that the growth, development and all sorts of physiological functions of plants were obviously affected by stress. The crucial influence of sound wave on the growth of plant had also been testified by the prophase investigations in our lab. It had been found that moderate intensity and frequency of sound wave could greatly accelerate the upgrowth of Chrysanthemum callus, physiological activity and cell division, furthermore the plasma membrane got looser, the membrane fluidity increased, the charge density of membrane surface, the plasmalemma hydrophobicity and the deposition of the membrane lipid all fallen with stimulus of the sound wave. All these might be the main reason that the membrane fluidity had enhanced the membrane metabolism. Besides sound wave had maken the K+ channel open frequency prolonged. This suggested that sound wave had wakened the K+ channel and maken plasma membrane over-polarization, then the membrane potential had been changed. All in all, plant cells respond to the sound wave and convert the mechanical stimulus to biological signals, accordingly a series of reaction occurred in the cells.In this thesis, the mature calli of chrysanthemum are taken as research materials loaded with the optimal sound wave. The primary contents of this thesis are divided into four parts as follows.Firstly, trials of U12 (123) are devised using uniform design of statistical methods. The factors are respectively A(sound wave frequency, KHz), B(sound wave intensity, Kdb), C(loading time of sound wave, day); these levels are respectively A1 =1.1, A2=1.2, A3=1.3, A4=1.4, A5=1.5, A6 =1.6, A7=1.7, A8=1.8, A9=1.9, A10 =2.0, A11=2.1, A11=2.2; B1 =0.091, B2 =0.092, B3=0.093, B4=0.094, B5=0.095, B6 =0.096, B7=0.097, B8=0.098, B9=0.099, B10=0.1, B11=0.101, B12=0.102; C1 =3, C2 =6, C3 =9, C4 =12, C5 =15, C6 =18, C7 =21, C8 =24, C9 =27, C10 =30, C11 =33, C12 =36. The experimental data of the 12 represented treatments are analyzed by the least-squares regression method using the computer software SPSS and the general stepwise regression equation used in this study is given.Secondly, we have studied the induction effect of soundwave on the dynamic change of endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) in vivo during the differentiation process of Chrysanthemum synchronized mature Callus by using the method of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). These experiments had showed that treated groups had significantly higher IAA levels and lower ABA than controls, which had been implicated activation of endogenous IAA and inhibition of ABA. High rate of IAA/ABA was favorable to development of the callus and differentiation of mature callus.Thirdly, Chrysanthemum callus has elevated levels of protein and total soluble sugars, including sucrose, raffinose, glucose, and fructose. Compared with controls, certain soundwave stimulation (1.4KHz, 0.095kdb) strongly induces the elongation of the callus and accumulation of the contents of soluble sugars and protein in the calli. Fourthly, the accumulation of nutriment in the calli treated with soundwave is accompanied by an increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), POD and catalase (CAT). These elevated metabolites and antioxidant levels correlate with soundwave stimulation. Our data demonstrate that soundwave interferes with carbon and nitrogen allocation by inducing nutriment synthesis and alters antioxidant metabolism in the calli, indicating that soundwave can modulate mechanical signal-mediated biological reaction in plants.
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