| Choosing Hanzhong region as investigating region, the species of Acridoidae as object, by the means of systematic research, location research, seasonal research and full-scale research, the student studied the biodiversity of Acridoidae in Hanzhong according to the results of analysis and clustering by use of software tools such as Excel and SPSS on the biodiversity indexes including species richness index (Ds), Shannon-Wiener index(H'), Simpson index ( A.) and PIE index, and Pielou index (E). After 3 years' working systematically, the student found one new species and three new records to Hanzhong; After investigating the biodiversities in different zones, months and ecosystem, some rules of species emergence and distributing characteristics were found, and at the same time the study on ecosystem diversity of Acridoidea was the first in Hanzhong; Countermeasures were put forward against the major pest-rice grasshoppers in local paddy field; The applicability of biodiversity indexes were discussed primarily. The study would offer the science evidence to prevention and cure against grasshoppers and the protection of biodiversity, and also the basic information to continuant development of local biodiversity.There were 5 families, 33 genera, 51 species of Acridoidea in Hanzhong, which included 1 genus, 2 species of Pyrgomorphidae, 9 genera, 19 species of Catantopidae, 5 genera, 12 species of Arcypteridae, 12 genera, 13 species of Oedipodidae, and 5 genera, 5 species of Acrididae. Among these species, Oxya zhengi sp. nov. is new to science (it would be published after sometimes), three species of Oxya agavius Tsai, Sphingonotus tsinlingensis Cheng, Stenocatantops mistshenokoi Will, are first recorded in Hanzhong.The fauna of Acriodiodea in the region was prominently the oriental species. There were about 23 oriental species occupying 45.1% in total, about 10 endemic species occupying 19.6%. Both Palaearctic species and common species in Palaerctic and Oriental region were 9 occupying 17.6% respectively.The difference in the amount of species among Counties were conspicuous: The number of species were more abundant in Foping County, Zhengba County, Yang County, Xixiang County, and Chenggu County, where there were 33, 28, 27, 22 and 20 species respectively, but there were less in Lueyang County, Mian County and Hanzhong city where the amount were only 10, 11 and 12 species respectively. The imbalance of species amount may be mainly relevant with the imbalance of local ecological facts.According to the characteristics of local geography and topography, the region could be divided into three sections: the southern slope of Qinling Mountain, the northern slope of Ba Mountain and Hanzhong basin. The number of species was most inthe southern slope of Qinling Mountain where there were 44 species. The northern of Ba Mountain was the second with about 36 species, and least species in Hanzhong basin where there were only 14 species. The number of species in the southern slope of Qinling Mountain was most abundant because of distribution of some Palaearctic species to the top of Qinling Mountain, especially species of Oedipodidae, another reason may b.e the large number of endemic species in this area.Based on the local vegetation, climate and physiognomy, the region could be divided into 5 zones where the abundance of species was not similar: the middle part of Qinling Mountain with extremely abundant species (about 40 species), afterwards in file the lower part of Ba Mountain and the hills with about 30 species, the lower part of Qinling Mountain and the hills about 26 species, the middle part of the Ba Mountain about 20, the Hanzhong basin with the least number.The types of ecosystem in the region included wetland ecosystem, Agricultural ecosystem (including paddy field and dry lands) and forest ecosystem. A large number of species of Acridoidea were in frost ecosystem, about 38 species, afterwards in file dry land agricultural ecosystem (22 species), wetland ecosystem (11 species) and paddy field (1...
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