The Floristic Geography And Ecological Distribution Of Bryophytes In Henan

Based on the extensive investigation collection, identification of the byophytes specimens and the study of document, this paper studied the floristic geographical elements s the connection with other areas, the community and the ecological distribution of bryophytes in Henan through the Statistic Analysis of Floristic Spectrum, Principal Compoments Analysis and Agglomerative Classfication Analysis,the results are as follows:(1) Finding 29 new families, 117 new genera and 462 new species of bryophytes in Henan.(2) There are 606 species of bryophytes belonging to 198 genera and 61 families in Henan,accounting for 56.48%, 40.08% and 22.37% of the total species, genera and families in China respectively.There are 12 families having only one specie,23 families having 2-5 species and 26 families having species more than 6.Pottiaceae and Brechytheciaceae are the dominant families and Bryum^ Brachythecium and Entodon are the dominant genera in the bryophytes community.(3) Among the floristic geographical elements of bryophyte species in Henan: North Temperate accounting for 35.25%, E.Asia accounting for 25.72%, Trop.Asia accounting for 11.15%, Endemic to China accounting for 10.25%, Temp.Asia accounting for 8.27%, Old World Temperate accounting for 4.14%, E.Asia & N.Amer. Disjuncted accounting for 3.24%, Pantropic accounting for L08%, Old World Tropics accounting for 0.72%.(4) The bryoflora of Henan and Shandong areas is very close,Hebei, Inner Mongolia and the Northeastern China take second place,while Mt.Gutian, MtJinfo and Mt.Jiuwan are far from other 12 areas.The results shows that the bryoflora of Henan has the transitionalcharacteristic of from south to north and from west to east,and has relationship with Southwestern and Northwestern floristic geography.(5) The bryoflora of Henan falls into general north flora,Sino-Japan subforest region,north China flora in China flora,and has some connection with Japan, North America and Europe.(6) According to the growth substrate and ecological environment of the bryophyte in Henan,the bryophyte community can be divided into 4 types: Hydrophytia, Petrophytia, Geophytia and Epixylophytia.Among them, Petrophytia and Geophytia distribute widely in the low elevation area,and Epixylophytia distribute widely in the area with elevation more than 1400m,this shows the diversity of the growth environment of Henan bryophyte.(7) The bryophyte community is influented by the vegetation and forest community ,has the similarity in the law with the forest community of Henan.From Shrub,meadow and crops zone in the lower mountain area. Mixed coniferous-broadleqaf forest including evergreen element zone , Mid-mountain deciduous broadleaf forest zone, Mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest zone to Shrubs and elfin wood zone,the abundance of bryophyte community ascends firstly and then drops.And the bryophyte community in the Mid-mountain deciduous broadleaf forest zone is most rich in Henan.According to the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to the relationship between forest community and bryophyte community,we find that the factors affecting the community distribution of bryophyte in Henan are soil moisture of forest, water content, abundance of fallen trees in forest, canopy density of forest community and the difference of light intensity and air humidity.