| Gastrodia elata BL and Cyathula officinalis Kuan, are two kinds of Chinese traditional medicine herbs which are used widely. In the study their DNA polymorphisms in them were analyzed by using RAPDs and AFLPs. The main results are summarized as below.15 primers which might produce DNA polymorphisms from the genome DNA of Gastrodia elata Bl. were selected from 140 RAPD primers among 7groups. 92 distinct bands including 87 polymorphic bands and 24 specific bands were amplified from the genome DNA of Gastrodia elata Bl. by using these selected primers belong to groups of OPB, OPI, OPN, OP W. The rate of polymorphic bands and the rate of specific bands were 93.5% and 25.0% respectively. Seven often samples excluding Tl, T3 and T9 were identified by the 24 specific bands. Armillaria mellea (M) owned the most bands; T3 had 3 specific bands secondly. M and T8 were distinguished using the 4 specific bands which were amplified through primer OPB-05i M, T8 and T2 were identified by 3 specific bands which were amplified through primer OPN-10 , these amplified specific bands by this primer distinguished the most samples. According to clustering tree plot of Gastrodia elata Bl. from the RAPD data, T5 and T6 which came from the same area had the most familiar relationship, the coefficient between them was 0.81, and the coefficient between M and all Gastrodia elata Bl. samples was only 0.37 which was the smallest among coefficients; Tl, T2, T3 and T4 which came from Gaozhuang plantation, Mianyang, Sichuan, and T5, T6,T7, which came from Laohegou planation, Mianyang, Sichuan, were clustered two groups. The greatly genetic variations in samples of Gastrodia elata Bl. in different areas and altitude were revealed though the analysis of the tree plot.Great diversity in genomic DNA of Gastrodia elata Bl. and Armillaria mellea. was also demonstrated by completely different bands of the RAPD between various growing periods of T8 and M. The complete different bands of the RAPD between M and the tuber of T8 might revealed that the genetic matter of M did not invade the inter area of Gastrodia elata Bl. except the cortex6 pair of AFLP primers which might produce DNA polymorphisms from the genomic DNA of Gastrodia elata Bl. were filtered from 145 pair of E/M primers, 92 pair of E/P primers and 72 pair of E/P primers. All selected premiers were pairs of E/P , this did not coincided on the results in other plants , in which pair of E/M or P/M were used as AFLP primers. 300 clear bands including 289 polymorphic bands and 50 specific bands were amplified from the genomic DNA of Gastrodia elata Bl. by these selected primers. The rate of polymorphic bands and the rate of specific bands were 98.0% and 16.6% respectively. All ten samples were identified by the 50 specific bands. M, Tl, T2, T6 and T9 were distinguished using 13 specific bands by the primer pair of P44/E56, which amplified the most specific bands. M, Tl, T4, T5, T6, and T8 were identified by 7 specific bands which were amplified through primer pair of P53/E44, the most samples were identified using these specific bands of P53/E44. Armillaria mellea. ( M ) also owned the most specific bands, T9 had 9 specific bands secondly. According to the clustering tree plot of Gastrodia elata Bl. from the AFLP data, the coefficient between M and Gastrodia elata Bl. samples was 0.546 which was the smallest among coefficients, T3 and T4 which came from the same area have the most familiar relationship with the largest coefficient. These results suggestedcultured areas and altitude played an important role in DNA polymorphisms of Gastrodia elata El.30 primers which might produce DNA polymorphisms from the genomic DNA of Cyathula offlcinalis Kuan, were selected from 140 RAPD primers among 7 groups. 232 distinct bands including 183 polymorphic bands and 52 specific bands were amplified from the genomic DNA of Cyathula offlcinalis Kuan, by using these selected primers. The rate of polymorphic bands and the rate of specific bands were 79.2% and 22.5% respectively. All si...
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