Phylogenetic Relationship Among Nine Prunus Species Based On Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

Prunus species, cultivated all around the world, are valuable fruit tress. In the past, to make better use of resource of Prunus, many research methods, such as isoenzyme analysis, chromosome and karyotype, had been applied in the study on the relationship among the Prunus species. But all these methods have themselves disadvantage such as limited number of markers. In contrast, DNA molecular marker overcomes the disadvantages of conventional genetic markers. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), as a DNA molecular marker technique have being applied in the study on the relationship inter- and intra- species.In this study, nine species of Prunus (20 materials) were analyzed using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. 24 primers were screened from 45 random 1 0-mer primers, and a total of 326 DNA bands were amplified, 311 of which (95.4%) were polymorphics. The average number of DNA bands amplified by each primer was 13.5 and 45 materials-specific bands of Prunus were also scored, which were important molecular characteristics for distinguishing Prunus materials and analyzing phylogenetic relationship among nine Prunus species. The data based on RAPD were used to generate Nei similarity coefficients and to construct a tree diagram using UPGMA in NYSYS programs. The result showed that: (1) A RAPD reaction system fit in with Prunus was established, which is completely suitable for the research of phylogenetic relationship among Prunus species. (2) RAPD results are basically comparable with those obtained from studies on morphology and cytology. It is a useful supplementary for researching the genetic relationship among Prunus species. (3) Prunus salician was closely related to Prunus ussuriensis, the result supported that P ussuriensis was treated as variety of P salician. (4) P simonii is a hybrid of P salician and P armaniaca and was closely related to P armaniaca. (5) Progressively confirm that P domestica is a offspring formed by naturally cross between P cerasfera and P spinosa.