Studies On Microstructure Of Melastoma Dodecandrum Lour And Chemical Components Of Its Fruit

The paper studied on the microstructure including stem, leaf and pollen, nutrition components of fruit, fatty acids of seed oil, red pigment extracted from the fruit of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. The results showed:1. In stem, the coverage of pith was approximately 50% of the crosssection with mechanical tissues in it; the size of vessels of primary xylem had great difference with each other and wood fibres arranged closely and regularly; the leaf was bifacial and the median vein was round-kidney; The pollen was 26(24-28)×19(19-21)μm, nearly prolate in shape and the exine ornamentation was striate with puncta. All of these could be used as the scientific basis for pharmacentical identification of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. 4.The red pigment extracted from the ripe fruit was water-soluble anthocyanins. In different solution, it appeared different colors. In acid solution, the stability of the pigment was well. It probed into the effects of light, temperature, pH value, oxide, reducing medium, sucrose, VitC, NaCl, FeCl3, CuSO4, MgSO4, MnSo4, ZnSO4 on stability of the pigment. The results showed that the pigment could resist light and heat well, but Vitamin C, oxide and reducing medium had evident effects on absorption spectrum value and the color of the pigment. Fe3+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, NaCl, sucrose and C6H5COONa had no effects. The red pigment could be used as natural healthy pigment-additive. Two main anthocyanins were separated and purified from the red pigment by PC analysis. Ultraviolet absorption spectrum, PC and hydrolyze were used to resolve their chemical structure. These two anthocyanins were concluded to be peonidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-rutinoside. In a word, Melastoma dodecandrum Lour had great value of development and utilization.