Study On Microstructure And Ultrastructure About Each Stage Of Life Cycle Of Physarum Mellrum

The material in this experiment is Physarum mellrum which belongs to Physarum. The plasmodia of Physarum mellrum is phaneroplasmodia. It can allaxis and afflux ceaselessly, crawl on the surface of the substratum for ingest food. It also can change become the spores to through the bad environment just like mycetes.Feed the sterile water and oat meal to the plasmodia of Physarum mellrum on the 2% agar of the nutrient medium. It can grow well above 20℃. It can easily to be contaminated by the mould and edlworm. So, we must replace the clean culture capsule for depollution.The plasmodia of Physarum mellrum can't form the sclerotium, but it can easily to become the encarpium. Obtain the plasmodia and encarpium of different period of materials about once 15 minutes, and observe the change of the internal structure. At the same time, make the ripe spores to germinate and observe the Microstructure and Ultrastructure of every stage of plasmodia.The result showed:The general shape of phaneroplasmodia is always large, thick and obvious, in the front of its spreaded surface is fan-shaped with clear edge, it is also very sticky and semi-fluid. The experiment adopt the intravital staining and microphotograph. The result is the content of the plasmodia of Physarum mellrum is calcareoous and free caryons. It also has reciprocating flow of cytoplasm.The plasmodium can hardly become the sclerotium during the dry and hungry environment, then collect and analosis until dead. However, it can easily to become the encarpium. Through the two methods to derivn become the encarpium:hungry and illumination or hungry and unillumination. Both two conditions become the encarpium and no conspicuous difference. The encarpium of Physarum mellrum has white petiole. The color of the encarpium from white to black, finally become gray. The sporangiocyst has two species:One is the standalone, the other is two or three with together become the plasmodiocarp. To observe the spores from the SEM. The result showed the surface of the spore has tuberculum, but the surface of internal plasmogen is very slick. Between the spores has capillitium and some uncertain constitutions.Put the different period of plasmodium and encarpium into the FAA. Then adopt the Paraffin section and three kinds of dyeings to observe the change of cell Microstructure. The result from plasmodium to become encarpium is gradual form the spore and sporangiocyst. The inside also include capillitium and contents.Put the ripe spores into the concave slide, add the nutrient fluid. During two or three days it starts germinated. We can observed:The way of germination has two species:"V" grapheme germination and hole germination. The front is rotund plasmodium, to break the spore wall to become V font; the other is become the warm cell or ameboid cell. Swarm cell is kidney form, with flagellum;Myxamoeba can stretch out the parapodium to cibation. In the concave slide along with the decrease of the water, the swarm cell turn to the myxamoeba. Two warm cells or myxamoebas can conjugate to become zygocyte, then become young plasmodium. Continue cultivante to form the phaneroplasmodium. Then, take part concave slides on the fire to make it dry. Funchsin dyeing deal the caryon of the plasmodium and myxamoeba.The experiment also include the acridine orange dyeing. Take the fresh plasmodium, the framework of cytoplasm and nervure microfilament after add the dyeing, observe under the fluorescence microscope. We can observe the green fluorescence of the caryon and micro-filament, the red fluorescence of the framework of cytoplasm clearly.In thes text, we study from the life cycle of the Physarum mellrum, use the somatotype microscope, light microscope, scanning electron microscope and fluorescence microscope to observe the every stage of the life cycle of Physarum mellrum.We expect to offer some evidences for slime mould cytobiology.