| Precision investment is one of the most central and successful experiences of the precise poverty alleviation strategy.The 20th Tenth Report points out that we should resolutely prevent the return of poverty on a large scale and resolutely promote rural revitalization in a comprehensive manner.Therefore,it is important for the orderly connection and implementation of rural revitalization strategy to fully take in the successful experience of precision investment in poverty alleviation.Precision investment relies on the interest linkage mechanism of "precise government identification+precise investment in poverty alleviation projects+precise household access for poor residents" and cultivates the endogenous growth of poor areas and poor residents through "material investment" and"intellectual investment".Through "material investment" and "intellectual investment",we cultivate the motivation and ability of poor areas and poor residents to get rid of poverty endogenously and improve the economic structure and performance of poor areas.First,due to the special positioning and interest linkage mechanism of precise investment,it is constrained by the dual objectives of "short-term goal-poverty alleviation" and "long-term goal-development" at the same time.Second,precise poverty alleviation is the logical starting point of rural revitalization and the logical continuation of precise poverty alleviation.The essence between precise poverty alleviation and rural revitalization is the relationship between survival and development.Precise poverty alleviation aims to solve the problem of poverty alleviation,i.e.,survival,while rural revitalization aims to solve the problem of hardship,i.e.,development.Third,the comprehensive implementation of rural revitalization objectively requires comprehensive development.Both complete poverty relief and comprehensive development do not leave precision investment.The key is that comprehensive development is not only a simple issue of economic growth,but also includes the rationality of economic structure and the sustainability of social equity,therefore,we are objectively required to quantitatively evaluate and summarize the successful experience of precision poverty alleviation.Fourth,as far as precision investment projects are concerned,the sustainability of poverty alleviation projects should be ensured.Local governments need to accurately evaluate the advantageous resource endowment of their regions and select suitable poverty alleviation projects,enterprises participating in poverty alleviation projects should balance their income and expenditure,strengthen vocational skills and education training for poor residents,ensure active participation of all poor residents in poverty alleviation projects,and form a tripartite interest linkage mechanism that can guarantee local governments,poverty alleviation projects and poor residents,so as to completely solve the problem of conflicting interests among the three parties.The problem of conflict of interest is solved.In the period of effective linkage between precise poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,it is particularly important to enhance the production capacity of areas that have escaped poverty,prevent the return of poverty on a large scale in areas that have escaped poverty,and ensure the sustainable development of areas that have escaped poverty and relatively poor areas.In view of this,this dissertation combines the theory of precision investment and its logic of poverty alleviation to build an evaluation system for precision investment poverty alleviation projects,which incorporates the three-dimensional evaluation of "productive","efficiency" and "equity" of precision investment into a unified analysis framework.The evaluation system integrates the three-dimensional evaluation of precise investment into a unified analysis framework and combines various empirical analysis tools to demonstrate the institutional logic,impact mechanism,poverty alleviation effect and path of precise investment.This dissertation aims to provide theoretical and empirical references for the construction of rural revitalization with win-win characteristics.At the theoretical level,this dissertation firstly composes and summarizes the development of anti-poverty strategies in China,based on the continuous development and evolution of poverty alleviation ideas at various stages and the continuous improvement and innovation of poverty alleviation methods,and points out that the emergence of the system of precise poverty alleviation is historically inevitable and objective,and precise poverty alleviation provides the practical soil for the implementation of precise investment.Secondly,based on the theory of precise poverty alleviation,the investment theory of precise poverty alleviation is constructed,pointing out that precise investment is an organic combination of "material investment" and "intellectual investment",and theoretically explaining that precise investment can effectively balance the "short-term goal-poverty alleviation" and "intellectual investment".Theoretically,we explain that precise investment can effectively balance the "short-term goal-poverty alleviation" and "long-term goaldevelopment" and explain the mechanism of poverty reduction and the actual poverty reduction effect of precise investment.The conclusions of the model show that precise investment can maximize the use of poverty alleviation funds,protect the interests of local governments,poverty alleviation projects,and poor residents,and accelerate the entry into a virtuous industrial cycle in poor areas.It is found that to effectively avoid poverty traps,improving human capital in poor areas is the key;a comparison model between precision poverty alleviation projects and ordinary poverty alleviation projects is constructed,and it is found that the poverty reduction effect of precision investment is more obvious in areas with deep poverty;and a proven poverty alleviation efficiency curve is proposed on the basis of the comparison model to help poverty-removing areas avoid poverty traps,welfare traps and poverty return traps.Finally,local finance is included in the analysis of the precision investment theory model,and it is found that,in order to ensure the sustainability of precision investment poverty alleviation projects,local government financial expenditures should play different roles at different stages of precision investment poverty alleviation projects to ensure a reasonable match between poverty alleviation funds and physical capital and local advantageous resource endowments,and to ensure that precision investment projects are centered on poor residents from the beginning of construction,building to operation,and long-term The dissertation also ensures that precise investment projects are centered on poor residents from the beginning of construction to the operation,and that their welfare effects are maintained and realized in the long term.Based on the panel data of all counties(districts or county-level cities)in China from 2014 to 2020,this dissertation uses the double difference method(DID)to examine the welfare effects of precise investment projects in terms of "productive","efficient",and"equitable" dimensions respectively.Then,we applied PSM-DID,lagged first-order variables and placebo tests to ensure the robustness of the empirical results,and finally,we tested the impact mechanism of precision investment using the three-step mediation effect method.The conclusions show that the implementation of the precision investment program has basically achieved the initial policy objectives compared to the ordinary poverty alleviation programs and the transfusion-type poverty alleviation programs.Firstly,the "productive" refers to the improvement of the economic structure of the pilot poor counties(districts or county-level cities)by the precise investment projects.The empirical results found that the precise investment can indeed improve the economic structure of poor areas,increase the degree of rationalization of economic structure,improve the coupling degree of industrial structure and employment structure,promote the entry of above-scale enterprises,absorb poor people into the industrial cycle,and realize the formation of endogenous income paths for poor residents.However,in terms of the advanced degree ofeconomic structure,the advanced degree of economic structure in poor areas is low.The reason is that the precise investment projects attract enterprises above the scale to enter mainly in the secondary industry,and the secondary industry absorbs the population in the primary industry,which improves the rationalization of the economic structure in poor areas in the short tenn but may lead to the irrational economic structure again in the long term.Second,"efficiency" refers to the impact of precision investment projects on the economic performance of pilot poor counties(districts or county-level cities).The empirical study finds that precision investment can improve the economic performance of the pilot poor counties(districts or county-level cities)and promote rapid economic growth in poor areas.It is also found that the intensity of government support for precision investment has a typical demonstration effect of signaling.The stronger the government’s ability to intervene in the economy,the higher the income expectations of poor residents,thus motivating more above-scale enterprises to enter the region,and also achieving multiple channels to attract poor residents to participate in precision investment projects and related supporting industries,thus realizing the formation and increase of endogenous income generation channels.Finally,"equity" mainly refers to the positive spillover effect of precise investment.Considering that precision investment is subject to the constraints of both "short-term goal-poverty alleviation" and "long-term goal-development",this objectively requires that precision investment projects must have positive externalities to form a positive interaction with non-poor areas.The empirical study finds that the positive externality of precision investment projects can slightly contribute to the economic performance of the surrounding areas of the pilot counties(districts or county-level cities)and promote the rationalization and advanced degree of economic structure in the surrounding areas,especially on the income of the surrounding rural residents.It is also found that the spillover effect is realized through the mechanism of locational transfer of enterprises above the scale,and in the short term,the precision investment project affects the economic performance of the surrounding area and significantly enhances the advanced economic structure of the surrounding area,and its long-term spillover effect is continuously observed.This dissertation proposes relevant countermeasures based on the findings of the theoretical model of precision investment and the empirical model test.(1)Firstly,it is imperative to thoroughly assimilate and integrate the experiences of precise investment in poverty alleviation,while ensuring the effective establishment of mechanisms that harmonize precise poverty alleviation with rural revitalization and the transition from’poverty alleviation’ to ’development.’(2)Emphasis should be placed on the role of the’government in the comprehensive transformation of policies pertaining to rural revitalization.(3)Particular attention should be given to the organic integration of’supporting aspirations’ and ’supporting intelligence’ within the institutional framework of rural revitalization(4)Due consideration should be given to the long-term effects of precise investment on the rationalization and sophistication of the economic structure.(5)Recognition of the continuity of precise investment policies and their intermediary effects on economic performance is crucial.(6)It is essential to enhance and refine the mechanisms facilitating positive spillover effects of precise investment.The innovation points of this dissertation:(1)Starting from the successful Chinese experience of precise poverty alleviation,by refining the concept of precise investment,constructing relevant theoretical models,and conducting empirical tests from multiple perspectives,this effort has further enriched poverty alleviation theory.It has also made valuable attempts to elevate China’s distinctive precise poverty alleviation from a policy practice to a theoretical framework.(2)Building on existing theories of poverty,anti-poverty,and investment-based poverty reduction,we have constructed a theoretical model for poverty reduction in precise investment-based poverty alleviation projects,along with an analytical framework for understanding their poverty reduction mechanisms.We have delved into the institutional logic,impact mechanisms,and implementation pathways of precise investment-based poverty alleviation projects.This theoretical model suggests that precise investment-based poverty alleviation represents the optimal path on the poverty reduction efficiency curve.It exhibits better poverty reduction effects compared to ordinary poverty alleviation projects.It can have positive impacts on poverty-stricken areas in terms of economic structure(upgrading and rationalization),economic performance,and spillover effects.It also simultaneously considers the interests of local governments,poverty alleviation projects,and impoverished residents,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for empirically testing the effects of precise investment-based poverty alleviation.(3)While considering the dual goals of short-term poverty alleviation and long-term development,we have developed an objective assessment framework for evaluating precise investment-based poverty alleviation policies based on the precise investment-based poverty alleviation theory.We have conducted empirical tests from three perspectives:"proactiveness-economic structure," "efficiency-economic performance," and "equityspillover effects."These tests quantitatively measure the poverty reduction performance and transmission mechanisms of precise investment.They also explore the institutional logic,impact mechanisms,and implementation pathways of precise investment,thus providing an objective and referenceable empirical basis for consolidating the achievements in poverty alleviation and the transformation of comprehensive rural revitalization policies. |
PDF Full Text Request