Study On The Influence Mechanism Of Standards Alliance Coopetition Relationship On Enterprises’ Technology Innovation Performance

Against the backdrop of a new round of technology revolution and industrial transformation,technology innovation has gradually become a strategic focus of national competition.Technical standards are a powerful engine for achieving high-quality technology innovation,a concentrated manifestation of current innovation achievements,and form the foundation of new technology innovation.As global standard competition becomes increasingly fierce,enterprises are laying out standard competition in core technology areas.The text format competition between IBM and Microsoft,as well as the operating system competition between Google and Apple,all revolve around the competition process of technical standards.Whoever can become a standard innovative technology can occupy the majority of the market and obtain long-term innovation benefits.However,under dynamically changing environmental conditions,standardized innovation in enterprises faces enormous challenges in both technology and market.For enterprises committed to achieving breakthrough development through technology innovation,the competitive participation and success or failure around technical standards have become decisive factors for the rise and fall of enterprises.In standardization practice,most enterprises do not have the resources and capabilities to independently complete the formulation and diffusion of technical standards.Especially,the high complexity and long periodicity of current technical standards have further increased the risk and uncertainty of enterprises conducting standards independently.Even if the technical standards are successfully developed,if they are not recognized by the market during the promotion process,they still face the possibility of being eliminated by the market.Therefore,technical standards alliances have become the main way for enterprises to participate in standards competition under the new situation.However,the unstable international environment poses a huge threat to the participation and stable operation of technical standards alliances for Chinese enterprises.Huawei has been terminated from membership by the WIFI and SD alliances,making it difficult for Chinese enterprises to export their standards.In this situation of great change,Chinese enterprises should re-examine the alliance partnership under the new situation with an open cooperation and mutually beneficial attitude,and promote the innovation of the governance model of alliance relationship.In fact,cooperation and competition between enterprises in the process of technical standardization are inevitable participatory processes,which means that the relationship between alliance enterprises can be explained by the coopetition relationship.However,existing research has paid less attention to the characteristics of the coopetition relationship between standards alliance enterprises.There is a lack of empirical research results that comprehensively reveal the relationship between the standards alliance coopetition relationship and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.How to build stable and effective alliance enterprise relationships to help enterprises achieve innovative development is an urgent practical problem.In response to above issues,this dissertation established a theoretical logical framework of "Standards alliance coopetition relationship-knowledge acquisition and routine update-enterprises’ technology innovation performance" based on standardization theory,coopetition theory,knowledge based theory,and routine based theory.This dissertation also systematically reviewed previous research on technical standards alliance,alliance coopetition relationship,knowledge acquisition,routine updates,multi-dimensional proximity,and enterprises’ technology innovation performance,analyzes the cases of four standards alliance enterprises in Shenzhen,Beijing,Qingdao,and Changchun,defined the core research concept,clarified the contingency effect of multi-dimensional proximity,and further constructed a theoretical model to propose the relationship hypothesis of core variables.According to the research design,this dissertation takes China’s key field technical standards alliance enterprises as the target sample,and obtains 542 valid sample data through a questionnaire survey.Empirical analysis was conducted on the collected data using SPSS26.0,AMOS24.0 software,and the Bootstrap instruction in Process.The following research conclusions are drawn:(1)The standards alliance coopetition relationship has a positive impact on the enterprises’ technology innovation performance,and both alliance cooperation relationships and alliance competition relationships contribute to the improvement of the enterprises’ technology innovation performance;(2)Knowledge acquisition and routine updating play a dual mediating role between the standards alliance coopetition relationship and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance;(3)Knowledge acquisition and routine updating play a chain mediating role between the standards alliance coopetition relationship and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance;(4)Multi-dimensional proximity plays a positive moderating role in annotating the standards alliance coopetition relationship,knowledge acquisition,routine updating,and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance;(5)The multi-dimensional proximity positively regulates the indirect effect of the standards alliance coopetition relationship on the enterprises’ technology innovation performance through knowledge acquisition and routine updating.This dissertation aims to explore the mechanism by which the standards alliance coopetition relationship affects the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.The innovation points and theoretical contributions are mainly reflected in the following three aspects:(1)This dissertation extends the research on alliance coopetition relationships to the field of technology standardization,explored the positive impact of standards alliance coopetition relationships on the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.Based on the typical characteristics of technical standards alliances that differ from general strategic alliances,this dissertation conducts research from the perspective of coopetition.Combining theoretical analysis and case studies,the concept of standards alliance coopetition is clearly defined,the dimensions are divided,and the impact mechanism of standards alliance coopetition on enterprises’ technology innovation performance is comprehensively and systematically examined.As a result,the research perspective in the field of standardization has been further expanded,making up for the lack of standardization research at the micro level of enterprises,and expanding the application field of coopetition theory.(2)This dissertation explores the dual mediating and chain mediating effects of knowledge acquisition and routine updating between the standards alliance coopetition relationship and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance,reveals the internal mechanism of the impact of the standards alliance coopetition relationship on the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.On the one hand,technology innovation needs to break through the constraints of the "familiarity trap",and the existing knowledge is often too narrow and limited.Effective knowledge acquisition provides enterprises with rich heterogeneous resources and lays a resource foundation for carrying out standardized innovation activities.On the other hand,the complex and implicit mechanism of enterprise capability transformation in the standardization process of alliance enterprises,as well as the routines updating,can help enterprises choose and change the allocation of knowledge resources,promote enterprise transformation and structural reshaping,and generate new concepts and paradigms.This is the key to truly achieving innovative development for enterprises.Therefore,based on the knowledge based theory and routine based theory,this dissertation establishes a dual mediation and chain mediation theoretical framework that includes knowledge acquisition and routine updating,thus opening up the black box of the impact of the standards alliance coopetition relationship on the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.(3)Multi-dimensional proximity features are introduced into the research to promote the research on the contingency effect of the relationship between the standards alliance coopetition relationship and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.The increasingly fierce competition for standards has made coordination in the process of technology standardization more difficult.Behind the behavior of enterprises is their comprehensive consideration of cultural cognition,economic interests,and technology needs.The differences in cognition,organization,and technology will inevitably affect the standardization relationships coordination and innovation activities.This dissertation introduces multi-dimensional proximity as a moderating variable into the research model and divides it into three dimensions: cognitive proximity,organizational proximity,and technological proximity,reveals the moderating effect and mediating effect of multi-dimensional proximity on the relationship between the standards alliance coopetition relationship,knowledge acquisition,routine updating,and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance.The finding fills the theoretical reality of insufficient understanding of the boundary between the standards alliance coopetition relationship and the enterprises’ technology innovation performance in existing research,providing a clearer theoretical framework for the research of the standards alliance coopetition relationship on enterprise technology innovation.It also provides reference for enterprises participating in technical standard competition to choose suitable alliance partners and actively respond to cooperation and competition challenges.