Research On The Effect Evaluation And Innovation Of Rural Financial Participation In Poverty Alleviation

Foot cold hurts the heart,people cold hurts the country.Eliminating poverty is an ideal that human beings have dreamed of since ancient times.Since the reform and opening up,rural finance,as an important starting point and effective means of rural poverty alleviation,has made outstanding contributions to the decisive victory of China’s poverty alleviation strategy.Data show that by the end of June,2022,the national rural finance has invested a total of 13.1 trillion yuan in various types of assistance loans,which has made outstanding contributions to the decisive victory of China’s poverty alleviation strategy.At the same time,in order to further consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation,the balance of rural financial loans issued to the poverty-stricken population nationwide in 2022 reached 1.03 trillion,up 13.1%year-on-year,which enhanced the endogenous development momentum of povertystricken areas and poor people and effectively prevented the large-scale return of poverty-stricken people.But at the same time,we should also see that there are still many problems in the process of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation in China,such as imbalance between supply and demand,alienation of policy practice,insufficient institutional motivation,unclear government market responsibilities,urgent need to improve innovation ability and unobstructed institutional mechanisms,which have become important bottlenecks restricting rural finance’s participation in poverty alleviation efficiency.Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party pointed out that the achievements in tackling poverty should be consolidated and expanded,and the endogenous development momentum of poverty-stricken areas and people should be enhanced.At present,great changes have taken place in the situation of poverty alleviation in China,and the problem of absolute poverty has been eliminated historically.Improving the governance system of relative poverty and further promoting common prosperity have gradually become the main task of poverty alleviation in China in the new historical stage.Under the background that the original problem of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation still exists,facing the more complicated and hidden problem of relative poverty governance,rural finance must improve the effect of participating in poverty alleviation and strengthen the innovation of financial poverty alleviation products,so as to effectively solve the problems of insufficient funds and self-development ability faced by relatively poor groups with high-quality financial poverty alleviation.The new poverty stage and the higher demand for rural finance to participate in poverty alleviation require us to explore the ways to improve the efficiency of rural finance participation in poverty alleviation in practice.At the same time,it is more necessary for us to empirically test and evaluate the effect of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in theory,so as to explore effective reform paths for rural financial participation in policy design and poverty alleviation practice.Based on the above background,the research ideas of this paper are as follows: firstly,starting from defining the concept connotation and attribute characteristics of relative poverty,unlike absolute poverty,which focuses on solving the problems of food and clothing and equalization of basic public services in poor areas and poor people,the core of relative poverty governance is to solve the lack of development ability of relatively poor groups.The governance path is more focused on agricultural industrial development policies,attaching importance to the role of market mechanism,establishing innovative models of various rural financial products and services under marketization,driving the internal motivation and enthusiasm of rural financial institutions to participate in poverty alleviation with interest linkage,and establishing a long-term mechanism to solve relative poverty.This makes it more important for rural finance to play the role of market mechanism,enrich the supply of rural financial products and services,improve the efficiency of rural finance participation in poverty alleviation,and at the same time give better play to the macro-guidance role of the government.Adhering to government guidance and market-oriented operation and improving the level of multi-subject cooperation and co-governance will be an important direction for rural finance to participate in the policy reform of poverty alleviation and governance in China’s relative poverty governance stage;Secondly,from the theoretical perspective,based on the existing research results,on the one hand,the theoretical analysis framework of the role of rural financial development in rural poverty alleviation and the risk mitigation model of industrial poverty alleviation are constructed,which lays a theoretical foundation for the poverty alleviation effect of rural finance.On the other hand,the innovation of technical methods is strengthened.In order to overcome the endogenous problems that are difficult to be solved by traditional measurement and statistical methods,the improved difference-in-differences(DID)model and spatial difference-in-differences(SDID)model are used to estimate the poverty alleviation effect of rural financial policies in China,and the improved three-stage DEA model is used to measure the efficiency of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in China more accurately,which provides reliable empirical experience for the efficiency evaluation of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation.Thirdly,starting from the historical track of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in China,this paper summarizes the development process and changing law of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation,draws lessons from the mature models and excellent experiences of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in typical countries and regions at home and abroad,and combines the product innovation exploration of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in S city,J province,with the top-level design and grass-roots vision,to give the effect and innovative strategies of improving rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in China,which has important practical and theoretical value for promoting the development of rural finance in China and further improving the theoretical research on relative poverty governance.Based on the research idea of this paper,it includes the following parts:The first part,related concepts and theoretical basis.On the one hand,this part defines the related concepts of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation,and clearly defines the related concepts and connotations of poverty,absolute poverty and relative poverty,rural finance and rural financial poverty alleviation,which is the logical starting point of the full text research;On the other hand,it combs the basic theory of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation,which lays the theoretical foundation for rural financial participation in poverty alleviation and extends the boundary of rural financial research.The theory of rural financial development provides the dynamic support for rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in the relative poverty stage,while the mechanism of rural financial poverty alleviation frames the theoretical framework of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in the relative poverty governance stage.This part lays a theoretical foundation for the research of the full text.The second part,historical changes and current situation.From the perspective of the historical evolution of China’s poverty alleviation,this part systematically combs the historical evolution of China’s rural financial participation in poverty alleviation over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,summarizes the logical characteristics of the policy changes of China’s rural financial participation in poverty alleviation over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,and discusses in detail the present situation and situation changes faced by China’s rural financial participation in poverty alleviation under the background of relative poverty alleviation.This part provides problem-oriented and realistic basis for the empirical test and countermeasure research of the full text.The third part,empirical research and practical investigation.In this part,firstly,the poverty alleviation effect of rural financial policy and the efficiency evaluation of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation are empirically tested,and the poverty alleviation effect of rural financial policy in China is estimated by using the improved double difference(DID)model and the spatial double difference(SDID)model.The pilot policy of rural financial product and service innovation implemented in 2008 is used as a quasi-natural experiment to verify the impact of rural financial policy on inter-provincial poverty and its spatial spillover effect.Secondly,innovatively put management inefficiency,environmental factors and statistical noise into the three-stage DEA model,and calculate the efficiency of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in China more accurately.This part draws empirical conclusions to provide empirical support for the related research of rural financial participation in poverty alleviation in China.Finally,based on the innovation case of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation products in S city,J province,this part investigates the practical problems faced in the process of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation from macro and micro perspectives,combining theoretical guidance with practical cognition,with a view to jointly promoting the effect of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation.The fourth part,learning from experience.Judging from the experience of rural finance participating in poverty alleviation in the world,the rural financial poverty alleviation system in Japan with cooperative finance as the main body,the rural financial poverty alleviation system in the United States with policy finance as the main body,the Grameen microfinance poverty alleviation system in Bangladesh and the self-help group-bank system in India are typical.Typical cases such as “Lankao model”,“Fuping model” and “Lushi model” in which rural finance participates in poverty alleviation have also formed in China.By understanding the development process and practical experience of rural finance participation in poverty alleviation in these typical countries or regions,it is of great reference significance to explore and improve the effect and quality of rural finance participation in poverty alleviation in China under the stage of relative poverty governance.The fifth part,countermeasures and suggestions.Drawing on the development history of rural financial participation in poverty reduction in China,current issues,and the practical experiences of rural financial participation in poverty reduction both domestically and internationally,this section provides countermeasure recommendations based on empirical research regarding the effectiveness of rural financial policies and the impact of rural financial participation in poverty reduction.In the context of rural financial participation in poverty reduction in China,it is suggested that principles such as “people-centered”,“government guidance and market operation”,“what to do and what not to do”,“clear rights and responsibilities”,and “multiple checks and balances” should be followed.It advocates the operational model of rural financial participation in poverty reduction that combines government guidance with market operation,continuously enhances the level of collaboration among diverse stakeholders,strengthens the innovation capacity of rural financial institutions,expands the outreach of new types of operating entities,and empowers impoverished groups for self-development.The aim is to effectively address the financial constraints and inadequate self-development capabilities of relatively impoverished groups by providing high-quality financial products and services.