Research On The Influence Of Interregional Technology Transfer On Regional Innovation

In the era of knowledge-based economy,technological innovation is the key driver to achieve endogenous economic growth and the first driver to promote national modernization.The enhancement of technological innovation capacity relies not only on local innovation efforts,but also on the flow of technological factors from other regions.External innovation forces can make up for the lack of local R&D investment.In the context of the expanding depth and breadth of technological innovation,it is impossible for a single region to master all types of technological innovation knowledge and complete complex and major technological innovations independently.The report of the 20 th Party Congress states that "a new type of national system will be improved to strengthen the national strategic science and technology force.The new national system is not only to coordinate all kinds of scientific research subjects,but also needs to coordinate all kinds of innovation regions.Therefore,the road of China’s scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement requires not only the efforts of innovation centers such as Beijing,Shenzhen and Shanghai,but also the "tapping" of other internal regions.While working to promote the "import" and "export" of technology,we need to pay attention to the intermediate domestic technology "circulation" link-interregional technology transfer.Inter-regional technology transfer.In recent years,with the effectiveness of China’s technology transfer policy,the scale and scope of inter-regional technology transfer has been gradually expanded,and the level of regional innovation has been greatly improved.Interregional technology transfer has a certain positive effect on optimizing the spatial pattern of regional innovation in China,and its spatial correlation with regional innovation has formed a characteristic of evolution.However,due to the influence of various distance factors,interregional technology transfer in China shows an obvious unbalanced structure,mainly concentrated in developed regions such as the eastern coast,which is not conducive to the improvement of the overall regional innovation level in China.In view of the above realistic background,in order to better play the role of interregional technology transfer in improving China’s innovation level,this paper follows the research path of realistic problem-theoretical foundation-empirical test,and discusses "the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of interregional technology transfer and regional innovation in China","the formation conditions and influencing factors of interregional technology transfer",and "what are the factors affecting interregional technology transfer? What are the conditions and influencing factors of inter-regional technology transfer","How does inter-regional technology transfer affect regional innovation,and what are the specific mechanisms",in order to provide theoretical and empirical references for China to formulate a reasonable interregional technology transfer policy and achieve the goal of self-reliance and selfimprovement in science and technology.This paper analyzes the impact of inter-regional technology transfer on regional innovation based on Marx’s idea of technological innovation and drawing on theories of innovation economics and technology diffusion.In the general part,this paper defines the concepts of interregional technology transfer and regional innovation,sorts out the relevant theoretical foundations,and forms the theoretical analysis framework based on the theories.Specifically,firstly,this paper analyzes the formation conditions and influencing factors of inter-regional technology transfer,and concludes that the formation conditions of inter-regional technology transfer include two aspects of regional technological innovation potential and regional technological structure complementarity,while inter-regional technology transfer is influenced by distance factors such as geographical distance,cultural distance and administrative distance,as well as proximity factors such as transportation proximity,information proximity and institutional proximity.Second,based on the push-pull dynamics of technological innovation and the idea of technological evolution,this paper analyzes the three-dimensional dynamics of technological innovation-R&D factor input,technology combination evolution and market competition incentive,and reveals the relationship between interregional technology transfer and the three-dimensional dynamics,and proposes that interregional technology transfer acts on regional innovation in terms of efficiency enhancement,renewal This paper clarifies the theoretical logic between interregional technology transfer and regional innovation,and thus provides theoretical support for the empirical study of the sub-thesis.In the sub-theory part,this paper manually collects and collates more than 600,000 invention patent transfer data in China from 2001 to 2020,removes the data of patent transfer within the same city,and uses the remaining 316,960 patent transfer information as the proxy variable of inter-regional technology transfer,and constructs the corresponding panel data by combining the city data,patent grant and application data.Based on the empirical model,this paper firstly analyzes the formation conditions of inter-regional technology transfer and related factors affecting interregional technology transfer,secondly analyzes the total effect of inter-regional technology transfer on regional innovation,and finally verifies the mechanism of the effect of inter-regional technology transfer on regional innovation,and puts forward countermeasure suggestions.Through the above research,this paper obtains the following conclusions.(1)The nodes and scope of interregional technology transfer network in China have increased significantly,and the level of regional innovation has also improved gradually,and interregional technology transfer and regional innovation have a high correlation in the current characteristics.The number of cities participating in interregional technology transfer gradually increases,and inter-regional technology transfer develops from a sparse network to a dense network,but the structure of coreedge remains obvious.Regional innovation is characterized by four stages: "the development of a central isolated point-the beginning of a polycentric pattern-the parallel clustering and diffusion of innovation-and the gradual stabilization of the polycentric pattern".Correlation analysis shows that the level of regional innovation is higher in places where inter-regional technology transfer occurs,and with the expansion of the scope of inter-regional technology transfer,the regional innovation space shows the evolution of polycentric pattern.(2)Regional technology innovation potential and regional technology structure complementarity are the two conditions for interregional technology transfer,and interregional technology transfer is influenced by two factors: distance and proximity,among which proximity can suppress the negative effect of distance.The proximity factor can suppress the negative effect of distance factor.On the one hand,this paper calculates the technological innovation potential difference and technological structure complementarity between regions,and the regression results show that the regional technological innovation potential difference and regional technological structure complementarity show a significant positive relationship with interregional technology transfer,indicating that they are the conditions for the formation of interregional technology transfer.On the other hand,this paper first measured the geographical distance,cultural distance and administrative distance using the actual distance between cities in the sphere,whether they belong to the same dialect area and whether they belong to the same administrative district.The regression results reveal a significant negative relationship between the three distances and inter-regional technology transfer,i.e.,the three distances have a suppressive effect on inter-regional technology transfer.Secondly,based on the dummy variables of whether all cities have opened high-speed rail,whether all cities are pilot cities of broadband China,and whether all cities are demonstration cities of intellectual property rights,we measure the transportation proximity,information proximity,and institutional proximity among cities,and find that the three proximity factors have a facilitating effect on interregional technology transfer through the regression results.Finally,this paper finds that the coefficient of the interaction term between distance factor and proximity factor is significantly positive,indicating that proximity factor can moderate the inhibitory effect of distance factor and limit its negative effect.(3)Interregional technology transfer has a positive promoting effect on regional innovation,but there is heterogeneity in spatial,temporal and industry dimensions.Based on urban panel data from 2001 to 2020,this paper empirically finds that interregional technology transfer has a facilitating effect on regional innovation,and the results pass the robustness and endogeneity tests.In terms of heterogeneity,this paper finds that the role of technology transfer is greater for late-developing regions;the role of transferring in complementary technologies is higher than that of transferring in homogeneous technologies,and the role of transferring out nondominant technologies is higher than that of transferring out dominant technologies;there is a decreasing trend of the role of interregional technology transfer,and its role is greater in the first period than its later period.(4)Inter-regional technology transfer is conducive to narrowing the regional innovation gap,and local R&D investment has a positive moderating effect.This paper adopts the difference in patent grant volume between regions and innovation frontier cities to measure the regional innovation gap,and the empirical study finds that inter-regional technology transfer can narrow the regional innovation gap.Second,local R&D investment can positively regulate the relationship between interregional technology transfer and regional innovation,indicating that the combination of local R&D investment and interregional technology transfer can better promote regional innovation.(5)Interregional technology transfer promotes regional innovation through three effects: model competition,efficiency improvement and renewal combination.In this paper,we use the number and proportion of regional innovation subjects to measure the competition of regional innovation.The empirical results find that there is a significant positive correlation between interregional technology transfer and the number and proportion of local innovation subjects,which indicates that interregional technology transfer has demonstration competition effect.Secondly,using DEA window analysis,the innovation efficiency of each city was calculated,and it was found through the regression results that interregional technology transfer can significantly improve regional innovation efficiency.Finally,the number of new technologies and new combinations in the region were identified through the IPC codes of patents,and the empirical study found that inter-regional technology transfer can promote the increase of technology types and the formation of new technology combinations.The innovation points of this paper mainly include the following three aspects.(1)The impact of long-distance explicit knowledge spillover on regional innovation is studied,which enriches the existing research perspective on knowledge spillover.Compared with the tacit knowledge spillover based on face-to-face communication,there is a lack of research on the relationship between long-distance explicit knowledge spillover and regional innovation.As the channels of inter-regional innovation linkage become more and more open,the reliance of innovation agents on face-to-face communication decreases,while the role of long-distance innovation linkage gradually comes to the fore.This paper takes the cross-regional transfer of patented technology as a carrier of long-distance explicit knowledge spillover,emphasizes the importance of regional acquisition of technological knowledge from outside,and studies the influence of interregional technology transfer on regional innovation,providing a new perspective for the study of knowledge spillover.(2)A theoretical framework of the role of interregional technology transfer in regional innovation is constructed,and the specific mechanism of the role of knowledge spillover is illustrated.It has been proved that knowledge spillover has a catalytic effect on innovation,but what exactly is the knowledge spillover,spilling over? What are the specific effects of such spillovers on local innovation? These questions are still unclear,and the mechanisms of their effects are still in a "black box" state.This paper first explains the three dynamics of innovation from the process,historical,and environmental dimensions,and then clarifies that interregional technology transfer can function within the channels of these three dynamics to promote regional innovation.Specifically,interregional technology transfer will save R&D factor inputs,enhance the efficiency of regional innovation,can promote technological renewal and generate new combinations,and can create a model competitive effect.To a certain extent,this illustrates the specific realization form of knowledge spillover acting on innovation.(3)The formation conditions of inter-regional technology transfer are analyzed,and the influencing factors of inter-regional technology transfer are analyzed in two dimensions of relatively constant distance and relatively variable proximity,which provide specific references for the implementation of innovation policies.Studies have treated interregional technology transfer as a naturally occurring behavior,with less research on its formation conditions,and at the same time put many factors of different nature under one dimension to analyze the influencing factors of interregional technology transfer.Although it helps to understand the role of different factors,there is a lack of guidance on how to use these understandings to formulate appropriate policies.For example,geographical distance is found to be a disincentive for technology transfer,but there is no indication of how to overcome the adverse effects of such factors that are difficult to change artificially.Therefore,this paper analyzes the formation conditions of interregional technology transfer and explains its inhibitory effect on interregional technology transfer from three aspects: geography,culture and administration,which are difficult to change in the short term,and on the other hand,three aspects: transportation,information and institutions,which are relatively variable,can promote interregional technology transfer,and concludes that the proximity factor can inhibit the distance factor,so as to provide a reference for the formulation of relevant policies.