Research On The Impact Of The Belt And Road Initiative On Technological Innovation From The Perspective Of Dual Circulation

In recent years,China has implemented a more proactive opening-up strategy,and in the face of increasingly tense international cooperation and an increasingly unbalanced distribution of interests,it has proposed to the world the Belt and Road initiative.As of December 2022,China has signed more than 200 cooperation documents on the joint construction of the Belt and Road with 150 countries and 32 international organizations.A total of 60,000 China-Europe trains have been operated,and 82 operating routes have been laid out,and the Maritime Silk Road A total of more than 9,000 ships have been operated,forming a high-level opening-up pattern of both sea and land.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the high-quality development of the joint construction of the Belt and Road initiative and point out the direction for the next stage.In the stage of high-quality co-construction,innovation is the new development concept that leads the course and occupies the core position of modernization construction.Although the Chinese government has successively issued policies to promote the construction of the Belt and Road into an innovation road,a technological innovation platform with a clear internal mechanism and wideranging influence has not yet been formed.So,what impact does the Belt and Road initiative have on China’s technological innovation? Did the previous series of measures have a significant incentive effect on local technological innovation?Clarifying the above issues becomes the key to empowering the high-quality coconstruction of the Belt and Road initiative through innovation.With the proposal of a new development pattern,as an important hub connecting the domestic and international markets,the Belt and Road initiative not only needs to move towards the road of innovation,but also needs to consider this proposition under the grand framework of the double cycle.The dual dilemma that our country faces in the field of technology is that the weak domestic innovation subject and the decoupling of international technology.And the dilemma has become the "Achilles heel" of the smooth circulation of the national economy.It is urgent to find a suitable "interface" to coordinate the two major domestic and international markets.Realize the consolidation of domestic entities and the open source of international channels.From the perspective of the dual circulation,revealing the specific mechanism of action of the initiative on technological innovation in the domestic and international economic circulation is conducive to optimizing the allocation of domestic and foreign dual market resources,unblocking the technical obstruction of the national economy,and promoting the new development pattern and the Belt and Road initiative.In view of this,this paper focuses on the impact of the Belt and Road initiative on technological innovation from the perspective of dual circulation,aiming to help the initiative to better play the role of the interface between domestic and international markets,cultivate technological innovation advantages internally,and consolidate the internal circulation,expand the source of technology to the outside world,and improve the quality of external circulation.As a Chinese plan to promote the formation of a new type of international relations and build a more reasonable global industrial value chain,the implementation process and policy evaluation of the initiative have become a hot academic focus,but only a few scholars have paid attention to the technological innovation performance of the initiative,and there is an analysis framework unsound,unsystematic analysis dimensions,and inapplicable theoretical expansion points:(1)There is a lack of research that takes into account both domestic and international markets and coordinates dual cycles,the Belt and Road Initiative,and technological innovation.Existing research mostly reveals the impact mechanism of the initiative on technological innovation from the international or domestic single market effect,and it is difficult to fit the dual mission of the Belt and Road initiative in connecting domestic and international markets under the new development pattern of dual cycles.At the same time,it fails to carry out targeted analysis according to the economic cycle theory,and then it is impossible to make effective theoretical response to the realistic demand of technological innovation under the framework of double cycles.(2)There is a lack of research that systematically analyzes its technological innovation performance from the micro,meso,and macro dimensions,thus failing to provide comprehensive theoretical support for the construction of the innovation road during the high-quality co-construction stage of the Belt and Roadinitiative.(3)There is a lack of research on the internal relationship between initiative and technological innovation from the network perspective.Under the trend of globalization,the national economy cycle,the Belt and Road Initiative,technology innovation are multilateral,complicated,network development trend,prompting theory in the field of interdisciplinary to seek new methods and tools to reveal the change of complex relationship,but the appropriate method into initiative and technology innovation relationship specialized analysis is still relatively scarce.In this regard,this paper aims to take the construction process of the Belt and Road Initiative in the past ten years as a mirror,combine the perspective of double cycles,and clarify the influence of initiative on technological innovation in different dimensions from the two lines of theory and demonstration.In the theoretical research part,this paper builds a theoretical analysis framework that takes into account both domestic and international markets and spans micro,meso,and macro dimensions from the dual-cycle perspective,and splits the innovation subjects into micro enterprises,meso regions,and macro countries,focusing on the impact of the Belt and Road initiative on technological innovation in different dimensions.Combined with the economic cycle theory and technological innovation theory,three research ideas are condensed,and the relationship mechanism between the double cycle,the Belt and Road initiative,and multi-dimensional subject technological innovation is sorted out on the supply side and demand side of the market:(1)Essentially Consider the unimpeded economic cycle as the connection between supply and demand,and reveal the impact of initiatives on the technological innovation performance of enterprises under the new development pattern from the changes in the supply and demand sides at the micro level;(2)Regard the unimpeded economic cycle as the coordination of internal circulation and external circulation,using the elements of the internal and external circulation channels and the flow of goods as the media in the mesoscopic dimension,clarifies the impact of the initiative on the level of regional technological innovation;(3)The balance and stability of a circular network describes the transformation process of the international technological innovation network from the traditional new flying geese path to the new flying geese path in the macro dimension,and at the same time analyzes the impact of the initiative on the domestic and international double cycle technological innovation network.In the part of empirical research,this paper uses econometric methods such as PSM-DID model,DDD model,and spatial DID model,and introduces an interdisciplinary complex network analysis model to empirically test the impact of the initiative on three dimensions: micro,meso,and macro.The impact of technological innovation,combined with the dualcirculation perspective to reveal the specific impact mechanism of the three dimensions,establish a "threedimensional integrated" national technological innovation system,and extract the impact path of the Belt and Road initiative on the entire national technological innovation system.Using multi-dimensional theoretical and empirical analysis from the doublecycle perspective,the paper draws the following research conclusions:(1)At the micro level,the Belt and Road initiative can promote the improvement of technological innovation performance of Chinese enterprises in general,and has a significant promotion effect on both substantive technological innovation and strategic technological improvement.The innovation dilemma of "incompatibility between quantity and quality".Considering the heterogeneity of the basic level of innovation,the initiative can promote the rational allocation of resources,help companies with a low level of innovation basic level to make up for their “short boards”and achieve technological catch-up.From a perspective of dual circulation,following the economic cycle idea of supply and demand docking,it is proposed to form a joint force on the supply side and the demand side through the internal element structure optimization mechanism and the external market expansion mechanism,so as to drive the improvement of technological innovation performance of enterprises with two wheels.(2)In the mesoscopic dimension,the Belt and Road initiative can positively promote the improvement of regional technological innovation level,and this incentive effect is also reflected in the three dimensions of innovation quantity growth,innovation structure optimization,and innovation comprehensive level improvement.Listed as a carrier,the innovation incentive effect of the Belt and Road initiative presents the characteristics of close spatial and market correlation,which not only forms a positive spillover to technological innovation in surrounding areas,drives the technological development of adjacent areas "from line to area",but also promotes the technological development of adjacent areas in different areas.Geographic location presents a heterogeneous role track,especially the western region,as the hub of the westward opening channel,has ushered in a historical opportunity for technological catching up.Based on the dual circulation perspective,following the research idea of coordination of internal and external circulation channels,it reveals that the Belt and Road initiative is a dual-cycle driving mechanism for regional technological innovation,that is,the internal circulation channel promotes the cross-domain flow of R&D talent elements and the external circulation channel promotes the cross-border flow of goods,so as to realize the positive interaction between talent flow and commodity flow.Jointly stimulate regional technological innovation.(3)In the macro dimension,the Belt and Road initiative has promoted the evolution of the network relationship of transnational technological innovation,and has become the incentive for the technological upgrading path of the new flying geese.From the perspective of network details,the initiative has promoted the evolution of the transnational technological innovation network in terms of density,type,node centrality,and community structure,and has become a "stabilizer" for maintaining the density of the technological innovation network,helping the coconstruction country to achieve "from 0 to 1".At the same time,the community structure showed a trend from mutual isolation to mutual adjacency to mutual integration.Combining the dual-circulation perspective,a domestic and international dual-circulation network of technological innovation was constructed and found that China has not fully established internal circulation as the main body.At present,there is still a dilemma that the level of external circulation is not high and the potential of the main body of the internal circulation is not fully released.It is urgent to transform the relative advantages of the internal circulation of the technological innovation network into absolute advantages and release the technological innovation potential of each circulation node.(4)Integrate the research conclusions of the micro,meso and macro dimensions to build a "three-dimensional integrated" national technological innovation system.The Belt and Road initiative affects the national technological innovation system through two paths: the release of innovative elements and higher levels of openingup.On the one hand,it triggers the "three-circle circulation" of innovation elements within the enterprise,between regions,and internationally,releases the vitality of elements,and drives the efficiency of the country’s overall technological innovation system.On the other hand,from the perspective of market size,product structure,and cooperation models the level of opening up to the outside world has been improved,and the open development of the national technological innovation system has been promoted.From the perspective of dual circulation,with the close connection of economic links such as production,circulation,and consumption,the barriers to the flow of innovation factors are weakened,and the release path of factor vitality in the Belt and Road initiative is strengthened.At the same time,under the guidance of the policy of improvement of the quality and level of international circulation,the level of opening up to the outside world will be further improved,and the leading role of the external circulation network of technology to the main body of the internal circulation will be strengthened,which in turn will better affect the country’s overall technological innovation system.The marginal contribution of this paper mainly includes three aspects:(1)In terms of analytical framework,combining economic cycle theory and technological innovation theory,constructing an analytical framework including dual circulation,the Belt and Road Initiative,and technological innovation,and coordinating plan the high-quality co-construction of the dual circulation and the Belt and Road Initiative.(2)From the perspective of research,systematically analyze the relationship between the Belt and Road initiative and technological innovation from different dimensions of micro,meso,and macro.On the basis of different dimensions,form a "three-dimensional integration" national technology innovation system driving mechanism,to provide a new way of thinking to improve the national innovation system overall efficiency.(3)In terms of research methods,considering the realistic requirements of new development pattern,this paper analysis technology innovation in the domestic and international cycle cooperation through the complex network model,and using Louvain algorithm to reveal the innovation network internal structure evolution trend.