Income Distribution Of Rural Households In The Marketization Of Rural Collective Operating Construction Land

The marketization of rural collective operating construction land is an objective requirement for building a unified urban-rural construction land market and promoting the market-oriented allocation of land.It is an important way to increase the property income of farmers and deepen the integration of urban and rural development.The income distribution of it,which is the key content to ensure the smooth implementation of the market entry policy,affects the enthusiasm of the stakeholders involved in the market.Existing studies mostly discuss the income distribution ratio of rural collective operating construction land based on the perspective of local government,few studies discuss it from the perspective of rural households.And the existing researches ignore the effect of income payment modes on rural households’ willingness to participate in it.In view of this,based on the perspective of farmers,this dissertation sorts out the theoretical basis of income distribution for farmers,and conducts analysis on the principle of "focusing on efficiency and taking into account fairness".Firstly,it analyzes the principal-agent relationship of stakeholders,and theoretically calculates the income distribution ratio of farmers under the optimal land use efficiency;Then,based on the maximization of farmers’ long-term utility,the optimal payment mode of the income of farmers entering the market is theoretically discussed;Finally,according to the household survey data,the choice experiment method and random parameter Logit model are used to empirically study the income distribution scheme based on farmers willingness.The conclusions of this study are as follows:Firstly,theoretically,in the marketization of rural collective operating construction land,the proportion of farmers’ income in the enterprise,local government,village collective and farmers should be between 20% and30%,which meet the optimal land use efficiency.The proportion of farmers’ income in land transfer income should be between 30% and 50%.Based on the actual relationship between the participants in the marketization of rural collective operating construction land,this dissertation constructs a multiple principal-agent model of farmers’ income distribution,solving the farmers’ optimal income distribution ratio.The results show that the optimal distribution ratio of rural households among local government,village collective,land-use enterprise and rural households is mainly concentrated in 20% to 30%,and the proportion in local governments,village collectives and farmers is mainly concentrated in 30% to 50%.The income distribution ratio obtained based on this theory can ensure the maximum income of each stakeholder and is more conducive to promote the marketization of rural collective operating construction land.The more developed the regional economy,the higher the profit rate of the land-use enterprise,the weaker the capacity of rural households,and the lower the optimal distribution ratio of rural households;compared with the land-use enterprise belongs to the manufacturing industry,the optimal income distribution ratio of farmers is higher when the land-use enterprise belongs to the tertiary industry.Secondly,theoretically,in the income payment scheme for farmers,the optimal proportion of one-time cash payment to the total income is mainly concentrated in 40% to 60%.Based on the practice of the marketization of rural collective operating construction land reform,this dissertaion uses the long-term utility of rural households as research hypothesis to construct an inter-period iterative model of rural households’ income payment.Numerical simulation is used to analyze the influencing factors of the optimal payment mode of rural households’ income,and combined with the real situation,it simulates the optimal payment mode of rural households’ income in different economic development regions.The results show that in different situations,the payment mode that can maximize the utility for rural households is different.If the price of rural collective operating construction land is lower than a certain value,the onetime cash is the optimal payment mode for rural households’ income.If the price of rural collective operating construction land is higher than this value,the hybrid payment mode is the optimal payment model for rural households’ income.Which hybrid payment mode to adopt is determined by comparing the corporate profit rate and the pension rate of return.The optimal cash ratio is determined by factors such as the marginal utility elasticity of currency,the marginal utility elasticity of consumption,and the ratio of land appreciation income to land transfer fees.Generally speaking,in the hybrid payment modes,the optimal proportion of cash in the total income distribution is mainly concentrated in 40% to 60%.Thirdly,rural households tend to choose the income distribution plan that accounts for 50% to 75% of the land transfer income.There are great regional differences in the income payment scheme based on farmer willingness.This article takes the household survey data of farmers in Liuyang and Deqing as samples,uses the choice experiment and random parameter Logit to empirically test the preference of rural households on the income distribution ratio and the income payment mode,and the crossterm model of personal characteristics and land parcel characteristics is included to test the source of heterogeneity of rural households’ preferences.The results show that in terms of the income distribution ratio,rural households are not only concerned about the absolute income they get,but also whether they are treated fairly in the income distribution ratio with the local government and the village collective.When the income distribution ratio is given,rural households are more inclined to choose a scheme where the income distribution ratio between the village collective and the local government is 50 to 75%.In terms of the income payment mode,the social security function of income payment can significantly enhance the utility of rural households.Compared with the income payment mode of shareholding and pension,rural households are more inclined to choose the income payment mode of cash and pension.There are differences in rural households’ preferences for income distribution schemes.Personal characteristics,land plot characteristics and policy awareness levels will all affect rural households’ preferences for income distribution schemes.The marginal contributions mainly include: First,it provides an "efficiency-focused,fair-minded" plan for determining farmers’ income distribution proportion for the marketization of rural collective operating construction land.Taking the income distribution ratio of farmers based on the principal-agent relationship as the lower limit and the income distribution ratio based on farmer willingness as the upper limit to determine the income distribution ratio of farmers entering the market,which can not only enhance the enthusiasm of stakeholders to enter the market and improve efficiency,but also fully respect farmers willingness to ensure fairness.Second,it provides a quantitative reference scheme for determining the income payment mode of farmers entering the market.This dissertation takes the maximization of farmers’ long-term utility as the research assumption,calculates the income payment mode of farmers,and then uses the choice experiment to test the income payment scheme based on farmer willingness,which provides an operable quantitative scheme for the determination of the income payment mode.Third,an analysis framework for income distribution of farmers’ land rights conversion is established.This dissertaion sorts out the theoretical basis and connotation of the income distribution of farmers,determining the farmers’ income scheme that "focuses on efficiency and considers fairness" from the theoretical efficiency optimization research and the empirical discussion based on farmers willingness,which provides an analytical framework for the research on income distribution of farmers’ land rights conversion.