Research On China’s Policy-Based Agricultural Insurance Supporting Food Security

Food security is "the great of the country".The report of the 20 th Party Congress emphasizes the need to strengthen the foundation of food security in all aspects.Since the establishment of New China,policy-based agricultural insurance,as an effective tool to disperse the risk of agricultural production and operation and a necessary means of the national agricultural support and protection system,has made outstanding contributions to guarantee food security in China.In 2021,China’s policy-based agricultural insurance to achieve a premium income of 96.518 billion yuan,the scale of financial subsidies at all levels reached 70.6 billion yuan,providing risk protection for agricultural production of 4.78 trillion yuan,effectively supporting national food security.However,at the same time,it is important to recognize that China’s policy-based agricultural insurance in the process of supporting food security continues to suffer from long-term imbalances in supply and demand,alienation of subsidy policies,unclear government market responsibilities,and the urgent need for increased innovation capacity,among many other problems.China’s food security situation has undergone new changes.Food security has entered the stage of multidimensional guarantees from food quantity security to food quantity,quality,and ecological security.A higher level of support is required by policy-based agricultural insurance because of the inherent contradictions and more complex and systematic multi-dimensional food security guarantee problems.Therefore,systematically testing the effect of policy-based agricultural insurance on food quantity security,quality security,and ecological security in theory and comprehensively evaluating the operational efficiency of policy-based agricultural insurance in supporting multidimensional food security in practice become two core propositions that need to be addressed in the field of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting food security in order to provide policy design and implementation paths for policy-based agricultural insurance supporting food security—the reform direction.In light of the above background,and focusing on two key propositions,the research ideas of this article are as follows: first,defining the core concepts and constructing a framework for theoretical analysis.On the one hand,it is pointed out that multi-dimensional food security includes three dimensions: quantity,quality,and ecological security.Quantity security is the bottom-line foundation,quality security is the root,and ecological security is the direction.On the other hand,it constructs a theoretical analysis framework for policy-based agricultural insurance to support food security.Among them,food security-related theories lay the theoretical foundation of policy-based agricultural insurance support for food security and extend the boundaries of policy-based agricultural insurance research;theories related to market failure,public finance,and sustainable development provide motivational support for the new stage of food security support;the mechanism of the role of policy-based agricultural insurance support for food security clarifies the theoretical path and logical starting point of the research.Secondly,the effect of policy-based agricultural insurance on multi-dimensional food security is systematically tested.The improved difference-in-differences model(DID),propensity score matching model(PSM)and spatial Durbin model(SDM)are used to estimate the effects of policy-based agricultural insurance in supporting food security in quantity,quality and ecological security in China,respectively,to continuously expand the breadth and depth of the theory of policy-based agricultural insurance and food security and provide an empirical basis for the full-text study.Thirdly,on the basis of the multi-dimensional food security index measurement in China,we use an improved three-stage DEA model to make a more accurate assessment of the efficiency of China’s policy-based agricultural insurance in supporting multi-dimensional food security and the efficiency of financial subsidies,and combine this with a realistic examination of policy-based agricultural insurance in supporting multi-dimensional food security to examine the realistic problems faced in the process of China’s policy-based agricultural insurance in supporting multi-dimensional food security from macro and micro perspectives.The theoretical guidance combined with practical cognition provides a reliable empirical experience of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting food security.Finally,based on the vertical and horizontal combination of the historical process and evolutionary features of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting food security,the product innovation cases of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting food security are summarized,combining top-level design and grassroots vision,and giving out reform strategies to enhance China’s policy-based agricultural insurance supporting food security.It is of significant theoretical and practical significance to promote the high-quality development of policy-based agricultural insurance in China and further enrich the theoretical achievements of multi-dimensional food security protection.Based on the above research ideas,the paper includes the following parts:The first part,related concepts and theoretical foundations.The core concepts of food and food security,multi-dimensional food security,risk and food security risk,agricultural insurance and policy-based agricultural insurance,and financial subsidy policy are clearly defined to determine the object and logical starting point of the fulltext study.The theoretical analysis framework of policy-based agricultural insurance to support food security is constructed to provide the theoretical foundation for the full-text study.The second part,historical evolution and current situation analysis.The evolution of China’s policy-based agricultural insurance in support of food security since the founding of the country is systematically reviewed,the features of the policy evolution are summarized,and the current situation of China’s policy-based agricultural insurance in support of food security and the current demand for policybased agricultural insurance risk protection is analyzed in detail,which provides a problem-oriented and realistic basis for the relevant empirical studies and policy recommendations in the following section.The third part,empirical tests.Using macroscopic data and microscopic research data,we apply the improved difference-in-differences model(DID),propensity score matching model(PSM),and spatial Durbin model(SDM)to empirically test the effects of policy-based agricultural insurance on food quantity security,food quality security,and food ecological security in China,which provides theoretical support for the practical exploration of policy-based agricultural insurance to support food security.Theoretically,it solves the problem of "can it support".The fourth part,efficiency evaluation and practical investigation.Based on the measurement of China’s multi-dimensional food security index,the innovative threestage DEA model incorporates management inefficiency,environmental factors,and statistical noise into the analysis and provides a more accurate measurement of the efficiency of China’s policy-based agricultural insurance in supporting multidimensional food security and the efficiency of financial subsidies.The findings in this section answer the question of "support capacity and efficiency" and provide practical experience of policy-based agricultural insurance support for food security.On this basis,this part also investigates the practical problems in the process of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting multi-dimensional food security in China and the innovative practice of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting multi-dimensional food security from the macro and micro perspectives,and combines theoretical guidance with practical cognition to jointly promote the efficiency of policy-based agricultural insurance supporting multi-dimensional food security.The fifth part,policy recommendations.Based on the findings of theoretical research and practical investigation,we should adopt the top-level design of a policybased agricultural insurance financial subsidy system around the requirements of food security strategy,adhere to the "government plus market" operational mechanism of policy-based agricultural insurance to support food security,build a policy-based agricultural insurance product model innovation system to meet the diversified needs of food security,strengthen the application of insurance science and technology innovation to drive policy-based agricultural insurance to support food security and improve the catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism to ensure the proper operation of the policy-based agricultural insurance market.The reform measures include strengthening the application of insurance technology innovation to drive policybased agricultural insurance to ensure food security and improving the mechanism of catastrophe risk dispersion to ensure the proper operation of the policy-based agricultural insurance market to solve the problems of risk guarantee and insufficient endogenous power of food protection faced by multi-dimensional food security with high-quality policy-based agricultural insurance products and services.