Research On The Welfare Effects Of Social Endowment Insurance To Rural Elderly

In 2009,the new rural social endowment insurance started a pilot implementation in the country,opened a new chapter of old-age security system in rural development.As the representative of the social endowment insurance in rural areas,the implementation of the new rural social endowment insurance and social endowment insurance of urban and rural residents solve the rural pension security system problems,and help to promote social fairness and justice,is conducive to get rid of the difference between urban and rural areas,and gradually achieve the equalization of basic public services.It has been implemented for more than five years in countryside since the end of 2009,the new rural social endowment insurance policy effects gradually.So it has become an important research topic to evaluate the performance of the implementation of social endowment insurance in rural areas.The elderly in rural areas is the most direct beneficiary of the social endowment insurance,and it is an important goal for social endowment insurance to increase the rural elderly welfare.Therefore,it has important theoretical and practical significance to Study on social endowment insurance in the aspects of performance,and the analysis of the welfare effects of social endowment insurance for rural elderly.In this paper,taking Hubei Province as an example,using field survey data,basing on the theory of welfare economics,life cycle and the hierarchy of needs,reviewing the development of social endowment insurance in rural areas,we describe the overall situation of the rural elderly pension.From the two aspects of economic welfare and non-welfare economics,we study the current welfare effects of social endowment insurance for the rural elderly,in order to understand the effect of the current social endowment insurance more clearly in rural areas,and to provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for the development of rural social endowment insurance.The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)Rural social endowment insurance evolved through three stages of development.According to the contents of different periods of social endowment insurance policies and the possible impact on farmers’ welfare,the development is divided in past rural social endowment insurance stage,the new rural social endowment insurance stage and endowment insurance unified urban and rural residents’ stage.The contents of the past rural social endowment insurance,the new rural social endowment insurance and endowment insurance unified urban and rural residents’ are some differences,but overall,the endowment insurance unified urban and rural residents’ developed from the new rural social endowment insurance,so that there are little differences between them.However,both of them have large differences in the past rural social endowment insurance.From the point of view of the farmer welfare protection,a comparative analysis in the three kinds of endowment insurance,we could found that relative to the past rural social endowments insurance,the new rural social endowment insurance and the endowment insurance unified urban and rural residents’ significantly enhance the welfare of farmers.(2)The status of pension that the rural elderly can enjoy has a strong homogeneity and is in good condition.According to the analysis of three counties(cities)survey data in Hubei Province,this study found that the level of understanding the rural elderly social pension insurance is not too high,but the recognition and satisfaction of rural social endowment insurance is very high.Most of the rural elderly have not paid pension premiums before they can receive the pension,but they directly receive the basic pension.Rural elderly generally considers that the level of pension is low.For most of the rural elderly,the current level of pension can not meet their basic needs,but the elderly are more agreeable to the role of rural endowment insurance in terms of improving the lives of the poor elderly,in other words,the majority of the rural elderly do not agree that the social endowment insurance has higher level of security capability,but they are more agreeable to its lower level of security capability.In a word,the security capability of the current rural social endowment insurance is limited.(3)The implementation of social endowment insurance increases the welfare effects of the rural elderly,and the promotion of welfare has different manifestations at different aspects.Firstly,let’s take the economic welfare into consideration.From the objective view of income and consumption,the pension has become the main source of rural elderly income,which made up 28.4% of the total pure income.And the pension could pay for21.5% of elderly consumer spending.And from the subjective view of income and consumption,rural elderly generally believe that pension raise their income,enhance their capability of consumption,especially for basic necessities in life.Then,let’s pay attention to the non-economic welfare of the rural elderly.They believe that the pension has little influence on the leisure and the relationship between husband and wife,but it can improve the inter-generational relationship of a family,which gives them more psychological welfare effects.In general,the most obvious welfare improvement of social endowment insurance for the rural elderly comes from the income and psychological feelings,followed by the ability of purchasing and amelioration of inter-generational relationship.And the last is the enhancement of the welfare of leisure and the relationship between husband and wife.(4)Policy cognition,Pension phase and endowment characteristics have significantly influenced the social endowment insurance for rural elderly,welfare effects,but the influence of situation of enjoy pension is not significant.Through the establishment of multiple linear regression model and ordinal Logistic regression model for empirical analysis,policy awareness to a certain extent,affected the economic welfare effects and non-economic welfare effects of the social endowment insurance.That promote the rural elderly to understand the policy,improve the social endowment insurance treatment,it also improve the rural elderly’ ability of recognition for social endowment insurance,and so is the perception of social welfare effects.This study also found that effects of pension situation on the social welfare effects of endowment insurance is not obvious,namely,regardless of whether the rural elderly to pay old-age insurance premiums,how long to receive a pension,the pension is dominated by themselves or not are not affect the evaluation of the welfare effects of social endowment insurance.The empirical analysis shows that there exists differences of the social endowment insurance for rural elderly’welfare effects between different old-age stages,elderly in semi autotrophic stage compare to other stages are more recognized the promotion effect of social endowment insurance,so semi autotrophic stage is a special stage for rural elderly.This study also divide the endowment characteristics into individual endowment and family endowment,through the analysis of the impact of the rural elderly endowment characteristics on welfare effects we found there exists differences on welfare effects of social endowment insurance for between rural elderly’ personal endowment and family endowment characteristics.Possible innovation points of this study are as follows:(1)The innovations of the research content.Currently,in rural areas,as a new economic and social policy,the social pension insurance has its own peculiarities,and it is embedded in a special environment.This study of welfare effects of social pension insurance is regarded as a new exploration.Furthermore,at present,there are few achievements in this field.(2)The innovation of the research perspective.The existing studies mainly focus on the economic effect of the social endowment insurance and pay less attention to social effect,meanwhile,the existing studies mainly focus on the effect of the social endowment insurance from the macro level and middle level,but there are few studies analyzed from the micro level.This study focuses on the micro-level of social endowment insurance performance,namely,the welfare effects of social endowment insurance to rural elderly,not only to analyze the economic welfare effects of social insurance,but also to discuss its non-economic welfare effects.(3)The innovation of the research ideas.In this paper,the rural elderly pension,from the view of the life cycle,is divided into autotrophic stage,semi autotrophic stage and he raised stage.Considering the actual situation of rural endowment and the effect of the means of production,in this paper,the welfare effects of social endowment insurance is discussed from the perspective of the endowment stage,which broadens the research on social endowment insurance performance.