Public Welfare Agricultural Technology Service Support Policy Based On Demand Expression Of Farmers

China’s agricultural extension system has achieved remarkable achievements after a long period of reform,however,the mismatch between supply and demand of agricultural technology services still exists.This problem is more prominent in the public welfare agricultural technology service.The mismatch between supply and demand of agricultural technology services will not only cause waste of resources,but also affect the improvement of agricultural production level.Therefore,it is of great significance to improve agricultural production level and realize sustainable development of agriculture.Among the factors influencing the supply and demand of public welfare agricultural technology services,the demand expression of farmers is particularly crucial.It is not only an important part to understand the demand information of farmers,but also a prerequisite for farmers to obtain public welfare agricultural machinery services.Therefore,how to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of public welfare agricultural technology service from the perspective of farmer demand expression is the core issue that this article concerns.Public welfare agricultural technology services of different industries have their own characteristics.In this study,rice industry was selected as the research object,because rice is the main food crop in China,it occupies an extremely important position in food security and is widely distributed,which is the key field of regional public welfare agricultural technology promotion.This study is based on the analysis of the relationship between farmer demand and farmer demand,clarify the key points and structure of agricultural technical service of peasant households,analyze the influence of demand expression on public welfare agricultural technology service,and explore the key factors affecting the demand expression of farmers.This paper aims to provide theoretical and empirical support for improving the availability of public welfare agricultural technology services.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are:(1)In this part,the Concept of peasant household demand are analyzed.The characteristics of demand expression are analyzed from the way of expression,the channel and object of expression.The relationship between the demand and demand expression of peasant households is analyzed.The results show that:Farmers’ demand for pest forecasting and pest control services is most urgent.The demand for new variety technology,soil and fertilizer inspection,agricultural technology policy propaganda,agricultural technology training and farmland water conservancy construction services is urgent.Farmers’ demand for pesticide residue,heavy metal pollution,agricultural machinery quality inspection and other testing services is low.The expression of farmers’ needs is mainly expressed to non-profit service organizations.The way of expression is mainly expressed by individual expression.The expression channel is mainly non-institutionalized expression.The demand of farmers is the basis of the demand expression of farmers.The demand expression is an important means to identify the effective demand of farmers.It can make the demand of peasant households become more explicit,especially for public welfare agricultural technology services.(2)This part analyzes the key points of the demand expression of public welfare agricultural technology service of farmers in the whole.From the perspective of planting scale and region,the emphasis of the demand expression of agricultural technology service is analyzed.At last,the paper analyzes the structure of the demand expression of agricultural technology service.The research results show:In pest forecasting and pest control services,the proportion of farmers with demand expression is the highest.Nearly 50% of the farmers expressed their demand for new variety technology demonstration,safety of pesticide use,agricultural technology training,flood control and drought relief,and irrigation and water conservancy construction services.However,there is very little demand for pesticide residue detection,detection of heavy metal and agricultural machinery quality inspection.For most public welfare agricultural technology services,the proportion of demand expressed in grow larger farmers is far higher than that of the ordinary small households.The proportion of demand expression of farmers in Hubei province is much higher than that in Hunan province.From the perspective of expression structure,the first level of service is the pest forecasting and pest control services.The second level mainly include the demonstration of new variety technology,safety of pesticide use,training of agricultural technology,flood control and drought relief,and irrigation and water conservancy construction services.The third level of service include pesticide residues detection,detection of heavy metal services and other service types.For different planting scale and different regional farmers,their demand expression structure is different.(3)This paper expounds the influence mechanism of farmer demand expression on the availability of public welfare agricultural technology service,and test affects relationship and influence path.The results show that:On the whole,the availability of pest forecasting,pest control,agricultural technical policy publicity and agricultural technical training services is the best.The availability of high yield and high efficiency technology demonstration,safety of pesticide use,flood control and drought relief,irrigation and water conservancy construction and water resources management services is better.The availability of soil and fertilizer detection,pesticide residue detection,heavy metal pollution detection,seed detection and agricultural machinery detection service is poor.Through the empirical test,the demand expression decision,the expression way,the expression channel and the expression object have the significant influence on the public welfare agricultural technology service availability.The specific influence path is as follows: Whether the farmers expressed the demand for disease control services significantly affected the availability of services,and indirectly affected the availability of services by choosing different expressions.Whether the farmers expressed the demand for technology promotion demonstration,the detection of inputs,technical publicity and training services significantly affect the availability of services,and by selecting the different expression of channels to indirectly affect the availability of service.Whether the farmers expressed the demand for the detection of inputs service and the pest control service significantly affected the availability of the service,and indirectly affected the availability of the service by selecting different expression objects.(4)This part uses the UTAUT2 theory to analyze the influencing factors of the demand expression of peasant household agricultural technology service,and the results are shown:Performance expectations,the efforts of expectation,social impact,convenient conditions,hedonic motivation,communication cost and expressing habits have important influence on the expression of public welfare agricultural technology services demand from farmers.The public welfare agricultural technology services include new varieties of demonstration,the prevention and cure of diseases and pests,soil testing,safety of pesticide use,agricultural technology training.Through the above research,this study makes up for the demand of farmers fails to examine the display degree for the supply subject.This paper explains the influence mechanism of the demand expression of peasant households on the availability of public welfare agricultural technology services.From the perspective of the demand expression of farmers,this paper puts forward the support policy to improve the mismatch between the supply and demand of public welfare agricultural technology services.