Characteristics Of Training Load Of Elite Chinese Female Flatwater Kayak Athletes During The Tokyo Olympic Year

Tokyo Olympic Games carries an important mission of the times,and doing a good job of Olympic preparation is of great practical significance to promote the construction of a strong sports nation in China.Women’s kayak,as the key project of China’s kayak Olympic preparation,has not yet won an Olympic gold medal.Training load has a great influence on the competitive performance,and accurate understanding of the training load characteristics of women kayakers is the key to improve the competitive level of the project.In this context,this study adopts expert interview method,tracking record method and mathematical and statistical method to study the training load characteristics of Chinese elite female kayakers in the Tokyo Olympic year from two dimensions: external load(external stimuli given by coaches to athletes)and internal load(physiological stress response of athletes),to comprehensively analyze and grasp the general rules and key issues of their training load arrangement,and then improve the level of Chinese female kayaking sports training and enrich the theoretical research basis.The conclusions of the study are as follows:1.The overall characteristics of the training external load of Chinese elite female kayakers in the Tokyo Olympic year are basically in line with the general rule of single-cycle arrangement of "Periodization of Sports Training".The main characteristics of each element are that the distribution of training load intensity is in line with the bipolar training pattern of endurance events;the arrangement of the total amount of training load is reasonable,but the ratio of water and land is obviously low;the frequency of training load is in line with the development law of "Concurrent Training",which is an effective means to improve the competitive level of "speed-endurance" type events.2.Winter Championships stage,the characteristics of the external training load phase of training for Chinese elite female kayakers in Tokyo Olympic year were in accordance with the arrangement characteristics of the general preparatory subphase in the periodization of sports training,with a larger training load volume and lower training load intensity,but the proportion of land-based aerobic training was too low;the characteristics of the internal training load of training showed that the aerobic training stimulation was insufficient and the aerobic capacity of the athletes was not effectively improved.3.Spring Championships stage,the characteristics of the external training load phase of training for Chinese elite female kayakers in the Tokyo Olympic year are in line with the arrangement characteristics of the specific preparatory subphase,in the periodization of sports training,with a slight decrease in training load volume and a significant increase in training load intensity;the characteristics of the internal training load of training show that the aerobic capacity is mainly developed in this phase,and the aerobic capacity is maintained at a high level,but the intensity of load stimulation is low,and the overall functional level does not improve rapidly.4.Summer Grand Prix stage,the characteristics of the external training load phase of training for Chinese elite female kayakers in the Tokyo Olympic year were different from the characteristics of the precompetitive subphase arrangement in the periodization of sports training,where both training load volume and training load intensity were simultaneously increased;the characteristics of the internal training load of training showed that the aerobic training trace effect gradually disappeared and it was difficult to maintain the original readiness level of the athletes.5.Olympic Games stage,the characteristics of the external training load phase of training for Chinese elite female kayakers in the Tokyo Olympic year were different from the characteristics of the main competitive subphase arrangement in the periodization of sports training,the training load volume and training load intensity were down,especially the training load intensity is only half of the precompetitive subphase training,the proportion of water training is obviously low,and the high-intensity special training is less;the characteristics of the internal training load of training show that the training arrangement in the pre-competition phase is poor,and the athletes appear prematurely Athletic state peak,affecting the level of athletic ability of athletes in the target competition.