Research On The Dvelopment Of The Integration Of Entrepreneurship Education And Professional Education

Colleges and universitiesenterprise education in China started relatively late,and there are still many defects in its development concept,mode and mechanism.The enterprise education and professional education are not effectively linked,which leads to the smallscale,single-mode and rigid form of enterprise education.Although the training of enterprise talents has made some achievements,the overall quality is low.Only by introducing enterprise education into professional education,incorporating enterprise education into professional talent training system,professional teaching category and teaching evaluation channels,can we really touch on the essence and reform requirements of professional education and enterprise education.In theory,enterprise is a practical activity that can be taught.Through enterprise knowledge imparting and enterprise ability training,we can effectively train entrepreneurs to meet the needs of society.On the surface,the development of enterprise education is driven by employment pressure worldwide,and "promoting achievement by innovation" is the original force for the implementation of enterprise education.However,on the deep level,enterprise education in the university field highlights the inherent demands of knowledge society and knowledge economy development.Professional enterprise is to further enhance young students’ enterprise ability based on professional knowledge.Innovation integration is conducive to promoting the overall development of individuals and enhancing the practical ability of enterprise.At the same time,it also plays an important role in promoting national innovation-driven development and social progress.The main contents of this paper mainly about four parts.First,we should find the focus and its internal logic.The paper holds that the integration and convergence of enterprise education and professional education should focus on the core elements in the process of personnel training,that is,target integration,process integration(curriculum,teaching),and guarantee mechanism integration(system,teachers,etc.).As for the goal,we should focus on the cultivation of compound talents according to the principles of promoting the development of knowledge society and knowledge economy,promoting the reform of professional training and individual employment.In the process integration,we should focus on the cultivation of young students’ basic entrepreneurial ability,and improve the cultivation efficiency by constructing practical and differentiated courses.Guided by observation learning,constructivism learning and action learning theory,teaching innovation should be carried out from three aspects: theoretical teaching,simulation teaching and practical teaching.On the one hand,standardized integration should be strengthened in the integration of safeguard mechanism,while promoting enterprise education to be incorporated into national professional education policies and university training programs,reasonable internals should also be established to adapt to the law of professional enterprise.The external evaluation system guarantees the effective connection between the internal and external systems of personnel training.On the other hand,the paper clarifies the composition of professional enterprise education teachers’ literacy and the goal orientation of the construction of teachers’ team.It puts forward that professional enterprise teachers should not only have solid professional knowledge,but also have entrepreneurial knowledge and self-conscious reflective ability,with the construction of intelligent teachers as the lead.Second,it is very important to grasp the present situation.The paper believes that in practice,the integration of entrepreneurship education and professional education in universities must be divided into groups.This is because of the differences in the attributes and characteristics of professional knowledge at different levels and types of universities.Based on the knowledge-based entrepreneurship education,its mechanism,path and practice mode are all based on knowledge.The author systematically investigates the current situation of China’s higher vocational education,undergraduate education and postgraduate education in colleges and universities.Higher vocational education is mainly to train high-tech talents for industry and industry positions.It must not only have the ability to operate on the post,but also master certain theoretical knowledge and basic principles.Professional entrepreneurship in higher vocational colleges is based on its practical knowledge and technology,which is reflected in the types of post entrepreneurship and specialized practical technology entrepreneurship.The undergraduate education of colleges and universities is focused on promoting students’ high-level knowledge acquisition and training professional intellectuals who meet certain specifications.The characteristics of entrepreneurship education are mainly based on existing professional knowledge,which promotes the integration and application of professional knowledge and other knowledge.In practice,it is embodied in the joint venture based on a certain kind of professional knowledge or multiple professional knowledge.The main task of postgraduate education is to cultivate high-level knowledge production and application ability.The shaping of deep knowledge and its production capacity is an important feature of graduate education that is different from undergraduate education.Therefore,its entrepreneurial characteristics are mainly based on academic entrepreneurship,to promote high-tech development and its industrialization as a path.The study believes that the current integration of entrepreneurship education and professional education in China’s colleges and universities is still in its infancy.The integration of entrepreneurship education in the process of higher vocational education,undergraduate education and postgraduate education seems to be weak,and the two skins are still prominent.Generally speaking,the factors affecting the specialization and innovation of colleges and universities in China are multi-faceted,but mainly concentrated in three aspects.First,stakeholders’ understanding of the function of entrepreneurship education is still limited to promoting employment.Its main motivation is to promote by creating,and whic objectively narrow the function of entrepreneurship education.Second,the cultural psychology of traditional heavy learning and light surgery constrains the development of professional entrepreneurship education.The cultural retardation is the deep dilemma of special creation and integration.Third,the entrepreneurial education model is single,and the niche and elite education mechanism limits the function of entrepreneurship education.Third is that we need deeply analysis the foreign countries experience,especially the USA.In the world,the development level of entrepreneurship education in American colleges and universities is advanced.The developed market economy,flexible entrepreneurial education model,high-level higher education system and pragmatic cultural psychology have created the brilliance of entrepreneurship education in American universities.The paper believes that the Morel Act and the Baiduo Act have laid a legal foundation and guarantee for the formation of entrepreneurship education in American universities,and promoted the close integration and effective interaction between university field and society and national needs.Throughout American colleges and universities,the development of entrepreneurship education is mainly based on the transfer of high-tech knowledge and technology.The combination of professional knowledge production and entrepreneurship process,high-tech entrepreneurship is the main form.In the process of the evolution of nearly half of the world,three types of entrepreneurial education models have been formed.The first is the focus mode.This model is not a school-wide promotion,but a graduate student or an undergraduate student in an MBA or management school at a business school.The focus model is an early form of specialized and entrepreneurial integration education.The second is the magnet mode.Entrepreneurship education has gradually been accepted by other professional colleges.Different colleges have begun to promote entrepreneurship education courses in order to promote students’ entrepreneurial ability.Essentially,it is gradually to promote the professional entrepreneurship mode of business school and management school to other departments,with the awakening of professional knowledge and entrepreneurial consciousness,the courses and teaching models of the combination of professional education and entrepreneurial education are gradually systematic and institutionalized.The third is the radiation mode,which is highly decentralized,enterprise education penetrates into every subject,major and course,enterprise education is increasingly based on professional learning process and professional knowledge to carry out teaching.Radiation model is the typical model of integration of professional education and entrepreneurial education,on the basis of focusing model and magnetite model,radiation model is becoming mature and perfect.In many years,American entrepreneurial education has gradually formed its own characteristics in the development process,and has become increasingly comprehensive and scientific,made some achievements,but there are some problems,for example,the society still doubts the function of entrepreneurial education,it has an ambiguous location in the training system of professional,and the faculty problem of entrepreneurial education is still serious.Finally,based on the analysis of the mechanism of integration of professional knowledge and entrepreneurial knowledge,also based on depth analysis of American professional education and entrepreneurial education,this paper final puts forward the realization route of promoting entrepreneurial education to integrate professional education.Specifically,the integration of entrepreneurial education and professional education should be oriented by differentiation,adhere to the principle of demand,and promote the organic combination according to the essential principle and internal requirements of education,change the orientation of entrepreneurial education for minority and elite.As an important form of quality-oriented education,entrepreneurial education should abandon the idea of utilitarianism,so as to enhance the ability of all students,break the monopoly of business entrepreneurship,and promote the innovation of entrepreneurial education model with multiple values.In terms of curriculum teaching,this paper supposes that the curriculum system of "widespread popularity + professional integration" should be constructed,should establish a curriculum development mechanism between nation,local and universities to improve the practicality and effectiveness of the curriculum,and should strengthen the teaching design of the integration of theory and practice,especially the case teaching,and optimize the relationship between the traditionally professional practice and entrepreneurial training teaching.At the level of evaluation,it is necessary to reform and innovate the way of recognizing academic achievements,establish a multiple and flexible credit certification mechanism,and take entrepreneurial ability as an important indicator in the degree awarding standard of professional.In order to ensure the quality of entrepreneurial professional training,it is necessary to establish a collaborative evaluation system.In terms of the construction of the faculty,internal training should be established,building the post replacement system that teachers can work at entrepreneurship institutions.Meanwhile,the introduction of externally entrepreneurial experts should be strengthened,and we should transform social resources into educational resources,try to establish entrepreneurship discipline and train specialized entrepreneurial teachers.In terms of the construction of the support system,we need to strengthen the guidance of public opinion,under the leadership of country,we should promote the society to participate the whole process of professional entrepreneurial talent training,especially the supply of resources and quality control.