Effects Of Functional And Traditional Resistance Training On Muscular Fitness And The Serum AMPK/PGC-1α/Irisin Pathway In Male College Students

Objective: To explore the effects of acute functional and traditional resistance training on the expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/irisin pathway and related molecular proteins in male college students.Compared and analyzed the effects of 6-week functional and traditional resistance training on the body composition and muscle fitness of male college students.On this basis,the relationship between muscle fitness and AMPK/PGC-1α/irisin pathway and related protein molecules was discussed,so as to provide reliable theoretical guidance for male college students to improve their fitness.Method: Study one recruited 20 male college students majoring in non-physical education of the Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,and randomly divided into the traditional resistance training group(TRT,n = 10)and the functional resistance training group(FRT,n = 10).They completed acute functional resistance training and traditional resistance training.The training program consisted of five training actions.The traditional group completed 4-5 sets with 70% 1RM,12 repetitions in each set.The functional group completed 4-5 sets with 40% 1RM under unstable condition,20 repetitions in each set,and the interval between groups was 1-2 minutes.The maximum strength test was completed before the acute intervention to determine the training load.The changes of serum lactate(BL),creatine kinase(CK),AMPK,PGC-1α,irisin,IGF-1 and MSTN were compared between the two groups before,immediately after and 30 minutes after the acute intervention.SPSS25.0 was used to conduct repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA)for the test indicators to test the difference between two groups.In study two,18 male college students majoring in non-physical education of the Capital University of physical education and sports were recruited and randomly divided into the TRT group(n = 9)and the FRT group(n = 9)from study one.The training intervention experiment was conducted three times a week for six weeks.The training scheme was the same as above.Before and after the 6-week intervention,the body composition,muscle circumference,maximum strength(squat,push,hard pull,leg flexion),explosive force(CMJ,CJ,MBT)and muscle endurance(70% 1RM push and leg flexion repetitions)were tested,and the changes of AMPK,PGC-1α,irisin,IGF-1 and MSTN were detected.Spss25.0 was used to conduct repeated measurement analysis of variance(ANOVA)for the test indicators,and person correlation analysis was conducted for muscle fitness and molecular indicators.Results:Study one:(1)The serum BL in the TRT and FRT group increased significantly immediately after the intervention(P < 0.01),and immediately after intervention,the blood lactate of FTR was significantly higher than that of TRT(P < 0.05).The serum CK in the TRT group increased significantly immediately after the intervention(P <0.01).(2)The serum AMPK in the TRT group increased significantly(P < 0.01)immediately after the intervention,and significantly higher than the FRT group immediately after intervention(P < 0.05);it was found that PGC-1α,irisin and IGF-1were significantly increased and MSTN was significantly decreased in both groups immediately after the intervention(P < 0.05).Study two:(1)After 6 weeks intervention,the BMI in the TRT group decreased significantly(P < 0.05),and the lean body weight of both groups increased significantly after intervention(P < 0.05).As for the body fat rate and body fat volume,only the body fat rate of the functional group decreased significantly(P < 0.05).Additionally,the chest circumference of the FRT increased significantly(P < 0.05)compared with that before the intervention.(2)The 1RM,muscle endurance and explosive force variables were significantly increased in both groups compared with those before the intervention(P < 0.01),but the growth rate of the two groups was not significantly different(P > 0.05).(3)The serum AMPK in the FRT increased significantly(P < 0.05),while the serum PGC-1,irisin,IGF-1 in the two groups increased significantly(P <0.05),and the MSTN decreased significantly(P < 0.05).(4)Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the change rate of serum AMPK and the change rate of PGC-1α,a significant negative correlation with the delta change of MSTN,a significant positive correlation between the delta change of PGC-1α and irisin,and a significant negative correlation with the delta change of MSTN after the intervention in all participants;The delta change of irisin had a marginal positive correlation with the delta change of IGF-1 in the TRT group,a significant negative correlation with the delta change of MSTN,and a significant positive correlation with the delta change of IGF-1 in the FRT;In addition,the delta change of lower limb squat maximum strength in two groups had a significant positive correlation with PGC-1α,a significant positive correlation with irisin and IGF-1,and a marginal negative correlation with MSTN.Conclusion:(1)Functional and traditional resistance training with different intensity could induce the differential expression of serum AMPK,PGC-1α and irisin,and there is no difference between the two resistance training models.(2)The 6-week functional resistance training can achieve the similar effect as the traditional resistance training in improving the muscular fitness in young male college students,and both functional resistance training and traditional resistance training can improve the muscle strength of lower limbs by activating AMPK/ PGC-1α/irisin pathway.The TRT group plays a role by simultaneously upregulating IGF-1 and downregulating MSTN,while the FRT group only plays a role by upregulating IGF-1.