| In 2016,Canada was the first to formulate and publish a guiding document on health promotion,"24-hour activity guidelines for Canadian children and adolescents: integrating physical activity,sedentary behavior and sleep",which has attracted the attention of researchers from all over the world and has become a research paradigm and research paradigm.tool.At present,many countries have carried out research on the relationship between 24-hour activity behavior and health,and issued 24-hour activity behavior guidelines.In 2018,my country released the "Guidelines for Physical Activity for Chinese Children and Adolescents",but only for one behavior of physical activity,and did not consider the synergistic effect of the three behaviors in 24 hours.So far,my country has not conducted a diversified discussion based on children’s 24-hour activity behavior.Nanjing,as an important central city in eastern China approved by the State Council,conducts this type of research to facilitate international comparisons and improve social radiation effects.ⅰ.Research purpose and significanceThis study took children’s 24-hour activity behavior in the main urban area of Nanjing as the research object,aiming to clarify the basic situation of children’s daily activity behavior and its relationship with health,so as to provide theoretical support and data support for the healthy development of children in my country.The details are as follows:(1)To understand the level and differences of children’s 24-hour activity behavior;(2)To explore the relationship between children’s 24-hour activity behavior and healthy physical fitness and mental health;(3)To analyze the effect of school activity behavior intervention on children’s health and fitness energy impact.ⅱ.Research objects and methodsIn this study,the method of literature data,questionnaire survey,field test,intervention method,process evaluation and mathematical statistics method was used to investigate the compliance of 2045 children in Nanjing with the 24-hour activity behavior guideline,and to understand the level and differences of children’s activity behavior;to explore the relationship between children’s 24-hour activity behavior,healthy physical fitness and mental health,and to analyze the impact of school activity behavior intervention on children’s health and physical fitness through experiments.The questionnaire method was used to investigate the basic situation of the respondents,the compliance with the 24-hour activity and behavior guidelines,self-assessment of physical fitness and part of the content of mental health;the three-axis acceleration sensor of Acti Graph GT3X+ was used to measure the physical activity level of the respondents;Use field tests to measure the health and physical fitness of the surveyed subjects.The test content mainly includes cardiorespiratory endurance,lower limb muscle strength and upper limb/trunk muscle strength;The component data analysis model is constructed through the R language package;158 children are tested by the intervention method for a period of time.8 weeks of physical activity intervention practice in school.ⅲ.Research results1.From the perspective of individual behaviors,the proportion of children in the main urban area of Nanjing meeting the recommended amount of screen time is the highest at61.9%,followed by sleep(28%)and moderate to high-intensity physical activity(11.6%).Only 3.2% of children can meet the requirements at the same time.Three Activity Behavior Guidelines.At the same time,there are differences in socio-demographics in the proportion of reaching the standard;2.Data on 24-hour activity behavior indicators and healthy physical fitness showed that children who met all three guidelines were more likely to achieve higher levels of general fitness(OR=8.79,95%CI: 3.93-19.69),more Higher cardiorespiratory endurance levels(OR=4.01,95%CI: 1.94-8.28)and higher muscle strength(OR=3.69,95%CI: 1.79-7.61).The data on the relationship between 24-hour activity behavior indicators and mental health shows that there is no obvious positive correlation between the compliance of the 24-hour activity behavior guideline and subjective well-being,and there is no fixed pattern in the relationship with anxiety and depression;3.Based on component data analysis,in the isochronous substitution model of 5 minutes,10 minutes and 15 minutes,the replacement of other activity behaviors(sleep,static behaviors)by moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity improved both the level of healthy physical fitness and the level of mental health.There is statistical significance(p<0.001),and with the increase of replacement time,the higher the level of healthy physical fitness and mental health is.4.Based on the results of the isochronous surrogate model of component data analysis,children’s school physical activity intervention activities(8 weeks)can significantly improve their health and physical fitness indicators,especially the cardiorespiratory endurance indicators(20-meter reentry running).The scores of the students’ process evaluation through the questionnaire ranged from 4.26 to 5.43(the full score was 6),indicating that the students’ satisfaction rate with the health and physical fitness intervention program was good.ⅳ.Research conclusions1.The 24-hour activity behavior guideline for children in the main urban area of Nanjing is poor,and there are differences in the level of sociodemographic factors.It shows that children in Nanjing have not yet formed good daily behavior habits,and it is necessary to take targeted intervention measures for different groups of children.2.There is a positive correlation between the compliance of children’s 24-hour activity and behavior guidelines in the main urban area of Nanjing and healthy physical fitness,that is,the better the compliance,the better the children’s healthy physical fitness(except flexibility).At the same time,meeting the guidelines for moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity(either alone or in combination with other 24-hour activity behaviors)can better promote the improvement of healthy physical fitness indicators.There is also a positive correlation between the compliance of children’s 24-hour activity and behavior guidelines in the main urban area of Nanjing and their mental health,that is,the better the compliance,the better the children’s mental health.In addition,there is no clear rule for the combination of compliance with the guidelines and different psychological indicators of different 24-hour activity behaviors.It shows that only by comprehensively considering a variety of factors and scientifically planning 24-hour behavioral habits can children’s mental health be effectively improved.3.Based on component data analysis,replacing 10-15 minutes of sleep time and static behavior time with moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity time will help Nanjing children’s healthy physical fitness and psychological indicators develop in a positive direction.At the same time,15 minutes of moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity to replace other active behaviors(sleep,static behavior)has the greatest effect on improving the level of healthy physical fitness and mental health.Moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity is the factor most associated with health indicators,and emphasis should be placed on the promotion of moderate-to-high-intensity physical activity.4.Physical activity intervention during school time in Nanjing has a positive effect on improving children’s health and physical fitness indicators,but there are gender differences to a certain extent,and it is necessary to improve the individuality and pertinence of intervention activities.Through student questionnaires and interviews based on 8 dimensions,and teacher interviews based on 6 dimensions,participants agreed with the intervention.Explain that organizing and arranging high-intensity sports activities during school is a feasible way to effectively improve children’s health and physical fitness V.Suggestions1.Pay full attention to the significance of children’s 24-hour activity and behavior levels.Through various channels,all parties should pay attention to children’s 24-hour activity behavior,link families,communities and schools,encourage children to actively participate in various types of sports activities,control screen use,reduce unnecessary screen time,and ensure adequate sleep time,develop regular sleep habits,help children develop a healthy lifestyle,and form a comprehensive intervention system.2.Strengthen the detailed research on the relationship between 24-hour behavior and health of different types of children,further explore the relationship between daily behavior,physical fitness,and mental health,and provide data support for the implementation of targeted interventions.3.Strengthen international comparative research on children’s health promotion,further improve the research level of my country’s children’s health,and provide theoretical support for the establishment of my country’s children’s health security system. |
