Research On Senior High School Students’ Subject Selection Ability And Influencing Factors Based On Career Planning Theory

In September 2014,the State Council issued the implementation opinions on deepening the Reform of the examination and enrollment system(hereinafter referred to as the "opinions on enrollment and examination").Reform the enrollment mechanism to explore multiple admission mechanisms based on unified college entrance examination and high school academic level examination results,with reference to comprehensive quality evaluation.The opinions on the enrollment examination clearly points out: "the total score of the examinee is composed of the scores of Chinese,mathematics and foreign languages in the unified college entrance examination and the scores of three subjects in the academic level examination of senior high school." according to the requirements of colleges and universities and their own strengths,candidates choose independently in the subjects of politics,history,geography,physics,chemistry,biology and so on.Compared with the liberal arts and science subjects of the college entrance examination,the new college entrance examination greatly expands the space for candidates to choose the subjects of the college entrance examination,and gives them more opportunities to "learn what they like and test their strengths".However,students’ independent choice of college entrance examination subjects is not a simple choice of subjects with good grades or interests,but should be combined with their own characteristics and planning to choose subjects that can meet the future development.It can be said that students’ ability to select subjects has greatly affected the implementation of the concept of "selectivity" in the reform of the new college entrance examination.What is the current subject selection ability of senior high school students? What are the factors that affect the subject selection ability of senior high school students? What measures should be taken to improve the subject selection ability of senior high school students? These questions urgently need to be answered by researchers.Based on the career planning theory,this study studies the course selection ability of senior high school students.Based on the CIP cognitive information processing model in career decision theory,combined with the existing research,the Delphi method is used to transform the structure and specific elements of the model,and the analytic hierarchy process is used to weight the dimensions and elements of the model,thus forming an analytical framework for the study of high school students’ subject selection ability.Based on the factors affecting ability development in psychology and the arch model of career development theory,combined with expert opinions,this paper analyzes the key factors affecting subject selection ability,and modifies Holland’s vocational interest model in studying the influence of career interest on subject selection ability.this paper explores the types of professional interest of senior high school students in China.Combined with the above research,a questionnaire on the subject selection ability of senior high school students is designed,which divides the subject selection ability of senior high school students into four dimensions: selfcognition,environmental cognition,decision-making ability and adjustment ability,and designs the key factors that affect the subject selection ability into a questionnaire.Through the final formal version of the questionnaire,1130 senior high school students from A,B and C provinces were investigated,and the subject selection ability of senior high school students was obtained.On the basis of questionnaire survey and analysis,combined with individual interviews to study the influencing factors of subject selection ability,a total of 18 senior high school students,6 teachers,3principals and 3 leaders of the competent department were interviewed.In the investigation of the overall status of senior high school students’ subject selection ability,it is found that senior high school students’ subject selection ability is the best in self-cognition and the weakest in environmental cognition.In the specific investigation of all dimensions of senior high school students’ subject selection ability,it is found that in terms of self-cognition,senior high school students have a high degree of understanding of interest and ability;in terms of environmental cognition of senior high school students,senior high school students have a high degree of understanding of the subject and a serious lack of professional cognition;in decision-making ability,senior high school students have the strongest communication and the weakest planmaking ability.In terms of adjustment ability,senior high school students have the strongest ability of self-improvement and the weakest ability of feedback adjustment.In addition,through the comparison of the subject selection ability of different groups of senior high school students,it is found that the subject selection ability of senior high school students in C province is significantly higher than that in A province and B province;the subject selection ability of urban high school students is significantly higher than that of county or township high school students;there is no significant difference in subject selection ability between boys and girls.This study mainly studies the key factors affecting the subject selection ability of senior high school students from three aspects: individual students,internal and external factors of the school.First of all,students’ personal characteristics are the most direct factor affecting subject selection ability,and students’ learning ability is the basis for improving their subject selection ability;different attitudes towards improving subject selection ability of students of different vocational interest types lead to differences in subject selection ability;students’ career planning consciousness has a great impact on subject selection ability.Secondly,from the internal point of view of the school,whether the concept of subject selection in the school respects people’s personalized development or short-term maintenance of stable order will have a great impact on the ability of subject selection.The implementation of career education and the objective conditions of the school are the important basis and guarantee for students to improve their ability of subject selection.Finally,from the outside of the school,the government actively promotes the implementation of the policy,and the environment of public opinion also urges students to think in advance about how to improve their ability to select subjects.The stability of students’ social and family economic status is an important guarantee for students to improve their subject selection ability.according to the survey results,the higher the stability of family economic status,the higher the students’ subject selection ability.The democratic and harmonious family atmosphere contributes to the improvement of subject selection ability,and the subject selection ability of high school students with autocratic and strong family atmosphere is often relatively weak.Based on the analysis of the status of senior high school students’ subject selection ability and the influencing factors of senior high school students’ subject selection ability,this paper makes a concluding exposition on the situation of senior high school students’ subject selection ability,and summarizes the existing problems of senior high school students’ subject selection ability.And in view of the problems,this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the ability of selecting courses: the first is to improve students’ environmental cognitive ability,the second is to pay attention to the needs of students of different vocational interest types,the third is to pay attention to group differences to ensure the fairness of the reform system,the fourth is to eliminate the negative impact of reform to maintain the vitality of reform,the fifth is to develop localized high school students’ career planning tools,and the sixth is to improve the quality of senior high school students’ career planning curriculum education.