Study On Mobility Of Creative Talents Under The Perspective Of Urban Amenity

In the era of "knowledge economy",the migration of creative talents between regions has an important impact on the accumulation of regional human capital,and the labor force,mainly in the form of "mental" labor,has gradually become the core factor of production in the competition between cities.Nowadays,city managers have shifted their focus from "technology" and "organization" to "people",especially "creative talent".City managers believe that these members of the "creative class" will play an important role in the socio-economic development of the region through innovation,cultural production and job creation.In earlier studies,scholars explained people’s mobility behavior from the perspective of economics and believed that economic factors were the main factors contributing to labor mobility.In the late 1970 s,scholars began to discuss "urban amenity" and proposed that "Quality of Life" was an important factor affecting the spatial distribution pattern of "creative class".On the whole,this paper conducts in-depth research based on the logical main line of spatial distribution of creative talents(reality)--migration factors(theory)--hypothesis(model)--migrants’ behavior(demonstration)--verification results(conclusion).Based on the summary of previous literature and practical experience,this paper sorts out the spatial distribution and location preference of creative talents in China.Combined with the reality of the current urban "talent competition" and the impact on the migration of creative talents,this paper puts forward the main problems existing in the flow of creative talents,and through the empirical research on the migration of creative talent,s puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the migration of creative talents in China.The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The concept of creative talents and amenity.Combined with the research results of the existing classical literature and the practical experience of Our country,this paper makes a panoramic analysis and discussion on creative talents and amenity.In this paper,creative talents are defined as a collection of talents who cover the whole industrial chain of creative industry,master a high level of knowledge and skills,have strong innovation ability,and are able to effectively transform their creativity into new content,information and services.In this paper,amenity is defined as something unique in an area that can make residents feel comfortable,happy and satisfied in senses and mood.(2)The current situation and characteristics of creative talents migration in China.The scale of creative talents in China is gradually expanding.In recent years,there are about 45 to 50 cities each year whose scale is higher than the national level.Overall,areas with higher levels of urban amenity closely matched those areas with higher concentrations of creative talents than the national average.In addition,areas with higher amenity level in most cities are also areas with higher level of economic development.According to the conditions provided by the new talent policies issued by various cities,the new first-tier cities are the most vigorous.The migration trend of creative talents is reflected as follows: 1)Most creative talents are still concentrated in first-tier cities and some developed cities in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta;2)Creative talents are gradually flowing into provincial capitals in central China.From a national perspective,the unbalanced distribution of creative talents in the middle,east and west has been alleviated.3)However,due to geographical proximity and cultural similarity,provincial capitals will cause siphon effect on creative talents from other cities in the province,and creative talents from provincial capitals will be most likely concentrated in provincial capitals.From a macro perspective,the flow path of creative talents will form a network structure with distinct levels and clear nodes,with first-tier cities and new first-tier cities as the main destinations.(3)Problems existing in the migration of creative talents in China.Distribution imbalance between creative talent cities,widening the gap in local development;The excessive concentration of creative talents in metropolis leads to the waste of creative human capital.Urban amenity supply is insufficient,creative talents policy performance is not high;Urban amenity has not paid enough attention to the social integration of floating creative talents;Urban amenity is not enough to support the family-oriented trend of creative talents migration;The model of urban amenity promoting the gathering of creative talents cannot be duplicated.(4)Factors affecting the migration of creative talents.After controlling other attributes of creative talents,cities with higher urban amenity are still attractive to creative talents,indicating that urban amenity can explain the migration behavior of creative talents.The amenity difference between cities is the reason for the intention of creative talents,but the behavior decision of creative talents is also affected by subjective norms,namely the degree of social integration and perceived behavior control.Migration intention is the premise of migration behavior.The "forces" between regions are the cause of migration.Regional amenity level difference is the basis of "forces" generation.The subjective norm is the external situation of the migration of creative talents.Perceptual behavior control reflects the degree of creative talents’ grasp of migration behavior.(5)Measures to promote the rational migration of creative talents.Improve amenity supply and promote the rational migration of creative talents: improve the quality of amenity supply,increase the "pull factors" for creative talents,improve the planning of public goods supply,improve the utilization efficiency of amenity,optimize the supply of unnatural amenity,reduce the impact of natural amenity.Formulate talent policies scientifically and optimize the treatment of creative talents: formulate talents policies according to local conditions,improve policy performance evaluation,timely adjust talents policies,pay attention to the system and comprehensiveness of talents policy formulation,and prevent policy resonance and offset phenomenon.Enrich urban amenities and enhance social integration of creative talents: pay attention to attracting the relationship between creative talents and family members,focus on coordinating symbiotic relationship between "foreign" and "local" creative talents,be aware of the relationship between creative talents and other citizens.Highlight the characteristics of urban amenity,enhance the effect of creative talents gathering.