Research On The Subjective Status Of Chinese Colleges And Universities In The University Admissions

In 2014,the State Council issued the announcement of "Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Examination and Enrollment System",marking the beginning of the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination.In the same year,Shanghai Province and Zhejiang Province took the lead in the reform as the first pilot areas.The comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination has been the first to highlight the impact on basic education,and senior high schools have taken reform measures in this regard.The comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination gradually had an impact on higher education after the first batch of college entrance examination candidates entered the university through the new program in 2017.But on the whole,in colleges and universities,the subject consciousness is not strong,the subjective ability is insufficient,and the subjective function is not obvious,which not only weakens the efficiency of the reform,but also affects the selection and training of senior talents.By 2021,three batches and 14 pilot regions will also engage in the reform.Therefore,the relationship between the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination and the higher education operating mechanism must be paid attention to.This research takes " the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions "as the core issue,and conducts basic research to clarify,discover and strengthen the connection between the Gaokao system and higher education.The subjective status of colleges and universities in the university admissions is not only caused by the top-down administrative empowerment,but also by the educational law,which is often ignored in university admission and the reform of Gaokao system.Started from the interpretation of "the subjective status of colleges and universities ",this paper builds an analytic framework on the basis of philosophy of subjectivity,institutional theory of organization,educational subject philosophy.In addition,to conduct this research,this paper collects nearly 10 universities’ historical materials and over 500 policy texts,interviewed more than 500 stakeholders from 38 examination and admission organizations,colleges and universities,high schools.Text analysis method,multi-case study method,interview method and critical discourse analysis method were applied in this study.From the historical perspective,this paper divides the change of the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions during 1895-2013 into four stages,and extracts the proceeding-phase characteristic respectively.In the context of the " unified examination" and " unified admissions" system,this paper analyzes the subjectivity and intersubjectivity among the education administration,examination,admission organizations and colleges and universities.Based on the " early-mover and endogenesis" characteristics of Gaokao system,this paper analyzes the predicament of the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions under the historical perspective.From the institutional perspective,this paper analyzes the basic characteristics and operational mechanism of the national university entrance examination and admission policy,the national university entrance examination and admission organization,the internal university admission system,and the internal university admissions organization since 2014 and analyzes its influence on the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions and admission subject behavior in China.Based on the "publicity" of the Gaokao system,this paper analyzes the predicament of the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions under the institutional perspective.From the perspective of practice,this paper analyzes the enrollment subject behaviors in non-pilot areas of college entrance examination comprehensive reform,pilot areas of college entrance examination comprehensive reform,"autonomous" admission institution,and "innovative class" admission,and extracts the basic characteristics and important roles of the admission subject behaviors in Chinese colleges and universities.Based on the theories of"subjectivity","intersubjectivity" and "the dualistic nature of value ",this paper analyzes the predicament of the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions under the practical perspective.Based on in-depth analysis from the perspectives of theory,history,institution,and practice,this paper further explores the internal basis of the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions.The strengthening of the subjective status of colleges and universities is determined by the connection among university admissions and university running,subject development,professional adaptation,and training of senior specialized talents.And it’s of great significance to solve the practical problems in running university and training talents.This paper also discusses the essential guarantee of the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions,namely,the autonomy of admission,academic reputation,admissions governance,and institutional research in supporting the subjective status of colleges and universities.In other words,these existing experience in running colleges and universities can be used to strengthen the subjective status of colleges and universities.Through the research,this paper has formed the following main viewpoints and conclusions:the uncertainty reflected by the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the reform of Gaokao system,the relative finiteness represented by the main subjectivity function of colleges and universities under the admission system,and the irrationality reflected by the subject behavior of colleges and universities administrations in the admission practice.The reason for these phenomena is that the attributive positioning of the Gaokao system is difficult to shake,the value concept of university admissions is biased,and the ability of university admission is seriously insufficient.Nevertheless,the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions,is by no means complete useless to the Gaokao system,the education system and the social development.To strengthen the subjective status of colleges and universities in China,we should follow this logical framework,which is,taking education and institution as the core,taking enrollment plan formulation,admission decision-making,and talents training as the action object,relying on the cooperation of all departments in the school,and striving to adapt to the external environment of college development,administrative instructions,enrollment competition,and social needs.Based on the reality of Chinese university admissions,the strengthening of subjective status of colleges and universities can be divided into three stages:short-term,medium-term and long-term.The research on the " the subjective status of Chinese colleges and universities in the university admissions " is only an entry point to solve the problem of insufficient interaction between the Gaokao system and higher education,the ultimate goal of the research is to strengthen the connection between the two,to promote the optimization of Gaokao system and the quality of higher education.At present,the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination can be explored from the perspective of higher education.In the future,"the synergy between the Gaokao system and the development of higher education" can be regarded as an important problem domain,so as to serve the theory and practice of the reform of Gaokao System and higher education.