Dilemma And Path Of The Development Of Dilemma Children’s Social Welfare Development

Currently,the social welfare for dilemma children in China faces the challenge where welfare policies are expanding,yet the needs of these children remain unmet.The mainstream trend in research primarily focuses on specific measures rather than theoretical reflections,lacking a comprehensive response to practical issues.This disconnect affects the discovery,analysis,and resolution of problems,hindering the theoretical development of the social welfare field for these children.The "The Outline on the Development of Chinese Children(2021-2030)" issued by the State Council in 2021 clearly proposes the goal of "establishing a moderately inclusive child welfare system." Despite ongoing developments towards this goal,the welfare supply practices still fail to meet the needs of dilemma children.This study explores the dilemmas and solutions for the development of social welfare for dilemma children from a theoretical perspective,focusing on the transformation of the realization mechanism of their welfare rights.This theoretical reflection enriches the research on social welfare for dilemma children and promotes the development of child welfare theories.Furthermore,the study on the transformation of the welfare supply mechanism provides references and suggestions for the construction of child welfare in China,facilitating the effective implementation of welfare policies and addressing the needs of dilemma children,promoting their physical and mental health.Currently,the implementation of welfare for dilemma children in China operates under a "diversified participation" mechanism,where the government,community,and social organizations participate together,each bearing their respective welfare responsibilities.However,as the welfare subjects transition from a single government entity to a diversified social supply,the boundaries between these subjects have become increasingly blurred,leading to avoidance of welfare obligations and creating a vague and hollow concept of social welfare.Each subject faces the risk of responsibility deviation,making it difficult to ensure the realization of welfare rights for dilemma children.The realization of social welfare rights for dilemma children requires a shift from the "diversified participation" mechanism to a "public consultation" mechanism.Public consultation involves relevant parties negotiating to achieve legislative or decision-making goals,ensuring equal communication and mutual supervision among welfare subjects,thereby mitigating the risks of responsibility deviation and ensuring the realization of social welfare rights for dilemma children.However,the practice of public consultation currently faces several issues.First,there is a lack of active participation from key subjects.The delayed transition of government functions leads to unclear responsibilities and affects cooperation with communities and social organizations,neglecting the development of mutual consultation.Second,community resident committees often focus on administrative tasks,neglecting the needs of dilemma children,thus hindering their welfare development.Third,social organizations in China overly rely on government support,lacking independence and self-development capabilities.Fourth,the public finds it difficult to participate in decision-making,management,and implementation,lacking initiative and enthusiasm for public consultation.Public consultation requires platforms where the government,community resident committees,social organizations,and the public can fully express their opinions and balance the needs of diverse subjects,facilitating information exchange,discussion,and decision-making.However,there is a lack of commonly participated public consultation platforms and corresponding rules,resulting in inefficient communication and inadequate policy implementation and transmission,leading to decreased efficiency and increasing problems in the construction of welfare for dilemma children.To construct a "public consultation" mechanism for children’s welfare subjects,it is necessary first to build active public consultation subjects.Optimizing the government subject by clarifying its responsibilities and obligations,adhering to its leading position,improving its self-evaluation mechanism,and encouraging government staff to improve their work actively.Optimizing the community subject by strengthening the construction of child supervisors and child directors and establishing community support mechanisms.Optimizing the social organization subject by enhancing their service capabilities,building professional teams,and improving the cooperation management system between social organizations.Optimizing the public subject by ensuring that the public can fully express their opinions and views,strengthening civic awareness education,and improving the public’s understanding and ability of public consultation.Additionally,constructing a "public consultation" mechanism for children’s welfare affairs requires establishing a normalized public consultation platform.This platform should be a "public consultation" platform where "government,community,social organizations,and the public" cooperate.It should be based on grassroots government,in collaboration with communities and social organizations,and the public,conducting joint meetings on children’s welfare through various forms such as lectures,hearings,and seminars.Furthermore,the construction of the "public consultation" mechanism requires establishing and improving safeguard systems,including negotiation and communication systems,information disclosure systems,and interactive supervision systems,providing institutionalized management and scientific procedures to ensure better realization of social welfare rights for dilemma children.