A Theoretical Study On Distributive Relations Of Das Kapital And Its Manuscripts

The distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscripts is an important content of Marx’s political economy,and also an important theoretical achievement of Marx’s study of the laws of capitalist economy by making full use of dialectical materialism and historical materialism.The distributive relation theory in Das Kapital and its manuscripts reveals the fact that capitalism exploits workers.Marx directly reveals the distribution of material interests between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat from the distributive relation,thus pointing out the historical trend and fate of capitalist relations of production.Marx’s theory of distributive relations goes beyond the historical and permanent understanding of capitalist distribution according to capital,and closely links the ownership of the means of production with distribution relations all the time.The reform of distribution relations points to the comprehensive liberation and development of human beings,and holds that the development of production and the enhancement of material wealth are the prerequisite forces for the reform of distribution relations.The theory of distribution relations is a theory that reveals the distribution system,distribution mode,distribution principle,operation mechanism,relationship dimension and evolution law of distribution system under certain ownership of means of production.This paper analyzes the important discourse,ideological origin,relationship dimension,basic content,Chinese practice and contemporary value in Das Kapital and its manuscript.In Marx’s opinion,under the capitalist system,the exchange of equivalent value advertised by capitalist distribution relations is behind the abnormal,unfair,exploitative and illusory nature of distribution relations.From criticizing the old world,Marx introduced a new world,committed himself to building communist distribution relations,realizing the full liberation and free and comprehensive development of human beings,and eliminating private ownership.Establish a communist society based on distribution according to need.Through the academic history sorting and literature review research on the distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscripts at home and abroad,it is found that although the academic circle has produced more achievements in the study of Marx’s distributive theory,the academic circle’s research on Marx’s income distribution system and theory and distributive justice are mostly based on the Criticism of Gotha Program,Anti-Durin Theory and other documents.However,the exploration of distributive relation theory in Marx’s Capital and its manuscripts is not deep and comprehensive enough.Therefore,this paper mainly studies the distributive relation theory in Das Kapital and its manuscripts from six aspects.First,explore the distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscripts.The distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscript is one of the important basic theories in Marx’s political economy.Based on Das Kapital and its manuscript,the paper explores the basic content of distributive relation,presents the theoretical resources,critical objects,construction logic and basic content on which Marx’s distributive relation theory relies,and makes clear the transcendental logic of the theoretical reform realized by Marx.Show the theoretical panorama of distributive relations,and then provide theoretical resources for us to enter the contemporary perspective of distributive relations theory.Secondly,it traces back to the ideological origin of the distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscripts.The establishment of Marx’s theory of distributive relations has a profound ideological origin.From the perspective of the establishment process,on the one hand,Marx criticized and absorbed the ideological resources of the distributive relations of the early Utopian socialists and the three Utopian socialists,and on the other hand,he criticized and developed the theory of distributive relations of classical economics.While criticizing the theory of distributive relations in classical economics,Marx also had a fierce debate with vulgar political economists,so as to clarify the value orientation and basic stand of his distributive relations theory,and on this basis founded Marx’s distributive relations theory.Only by understanding the ideological resources on which the distributive relation theory of Marx’s Das Kapital and its manuscripts relies can we understand the theoretical origin of the establishment of this theory and understand the historical reform and original contribution of Marx’s establishment of distributive relation theory.In this way,we can present to the readers the theoretical form and transcendental logic of Marx’s distributive relation theory.Thirdly,it reveals the relational dimension contained in the distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscripts.Only by revealing the class relation,the implied logical relation,the revealed economic relation and the reflected historical relation of the capitalist distribution relation can we clearly understand the logic and history,the phenomenon and essence,the reality and the necessity of the distribution relation,and then reveal the multiple relation category characteristics of the capitalist distribution relation and understand the relation dimension of the distribution relation in three dimensions.Fourth,it describes the basic content of the distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscripts.The predisposition of wealth distribution mainly includes the basic premise,distribution mode,distribution principle,value orientation,logical starting point and institutional arrangement.The essence of distributive relations is the expression of the historical stipulations of production relations,which reflects the segmentation pattern of different distributive subjects and social and economic relations.The ownership of the means of production determines the nature of distributive relations.The basic characteristics of distributive relations are the subjectivity,class nature,social history,justice and liberation of human beings.The basic problems of distribution relations mainly include the key source of wealth creation,the distribution of value or material,the duality of distribution results,the compatibility of efficiency and fairness,and the diversification of distribution modes.The core of distribution relationship is to coordinate the interest relationship between people.The game between capital and labor is still the core of modern society.Fifth,grasp the practical process of sinicization of distributive relation theory.Since the founding of our country,the adjustment and reform of distribution relations have experienced the adjustment stage of "hybrid" distribution relations and "single" distribution relations in the period of planned economy,the transmutation of distribution relations in the period of economic system transformation,and the perfect development stage of distribution relations under the condition of socialist market economy.Vertically,there have been adjustment modes of "hybrid","unitary","mixed" and "mixed" distribution relations,from private ownership to single public ownership and then to ownership relations with public ownership as the main body.From the perspective of distribution principle,the change from distribution according to work and distribution according to factors of production to single distribution according to work,and then to distribution according to work as the main body,with multiple modes of distribution coexist is the result of the change in the nature of ownership of the means of production.From the point of view of distribution mode,the distribution mode in the period of planned economy mainly includes wages,wages,goods and so on.The main ways of distribution in market economy period are salary,bonus,dividend,interest,dividend,equity,options and other forms.From the perspective of distribution mechanism,from the government and market mechanism to the single government planned economic system,and then to the distribution mechanism of government,market and society,which has become the main mechanism to regulate the distribution relationship between government,market and residents(households)under the condition of socialist market economy.Sixth,elucidate the theoretical thinking and contemporary value of distributive relations in the new era.On the one hand,the distributive relation theory of Das Kapital and its manuscript has important contemporary value.If we want to reactivate its contemporary effect,we should recognize the major changes in the field of distributive relation in the new era.According to the new distributive problems and phenomena,we should generalize the category of distributive relation with the characteristics of the new era and refine its distinctive marks.It reveals the principle,principle and philosophy behind the phenomenon of distributive relations in the new era,and then strengthens the realistic concern of Marx’s distributive relations theory,and develops it with The Times.On the other hand,we should take Marx’s theory of distribution relations as guidance to comprehensively deepen the reform of distribution relations and distribution system in the new era.We should establish a three-way driver mechanism for effective market,for government and for loving society.We should promote adjustment of distribution relations in macro fields and optimize the operating mechanism for distribution relations in micro fields.We will establish basic institutional arrangements for coordinating primary distribution,redistribution and tertiary distribution to help achieve common prosperity.