A Study On Marx And Engels’ Thought Of People Subject

As an important part of Marx and Engels thought,the people’s subject thought plays an irreplaceable important role in the system of Marx and Engels thought.This thought runs through the whole process of the development of Marx and Engels’ thought in the form of the fundamental value concept,guiding the formation,establishment and development of Marx and Engels’ thought.In today’s world,capital logic still occupies the dominant position,commodity fetishism,money fetishism is still prevalent and spreading;In addition,with the continuous development of science and technology,the world has entered the "era of intelligence",artificial intelligence has gradually replaced the daily production of the vast number of working people,the survival and development of the people are facing an unprecedented crisis of subjectivity;The prevalence of liberalism,historical nihilism and the supremacy of technology in the world has seriously affected people’s understanding of the dominant position of the people as the creator of history.In the face of the new features in the development of the world and the misunderstanding and confusion in the ideological cognition,we must grasp the people’s subject thought comprehensively and accurately with the scientific attitude of Marxism! Only by comprehensively and accurately studying and understanding the generative logic,historical logic,theoretical logic and realistic logic of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought,can we fundamentally answer and resolve the misunderstandings and disputes on the subject of the people! Therefore,no matter from the theoretical point of view,or from the practical point of view,the comprehensive and systematic study of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought has become an extremely important task in today’s theoretical circle.Marx and Engels believed that the people,as the subjects engaged in the practice of material production,have always been the creators and subjects of history.However,due to the restrictions of various conditions,the people’s subject shows different characteristics in different stages,and the degree of its main role is different.The realization of the people’s subject is a dynamic process from blind and spontaneous to free and conscious change.Since the capitalist society came into being,because of its own unique nature,the proletariat has determined that the working people it represents in the process of historical development play an extremely important role in the main body,promoting the continuous progress of human history.When Marx and Engels talked about the subject of the people,most of them were represented by the proletariat.In a sense,the emphasis on the proletariat’s historical subject status is actually the emphasis on the people’s subject status in history.Therefore,when Marx and Engels expound the theoretical issues related to the subject of the people,in most cases(especially in the analysis of the subject of the people in the period of capitalism),they used the subject of the proletariat to refer to the subject of the people,and linked the liberation of the proletariat with the establishment of the subject status of the people.It is emphasized that the process of the realization of the people’s subject is essentially consistent with the emancipation of the proletariat and the emancipation of mankind.Based on this,this research is mainly carried out from the following aspects: The first chapter combs and defines the relevant concepts of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought,defines the concepts of people,people’s subject and people’s subjectivity,and studies and analyzes the relationship between people’s subject and people’s subjectivity,laying a solid foundation for the study of their people’s subject thought;The second chapter mainly combs the social and historical background of Marx and Engels’ life,and discusses the important ideological sources that affect their people’s subject thought,so as to find the theoretical basis for studying Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought;The third chapter,according to the classic texts of Marx and Engels and the development context of their thoughts,divides their people’s subject thought into the embryonic stage,the formation stage,the mature stage and the development and improvement stage of Engels in his later years,combs the historical context of the vertical development of this thought,and explores its historical logic;Based on the view of historical materialism,Marx and Engels believed that the people,as the subjects engaged in the practice of material production,have always been the creators and subjects of history.However,due to the restriction of various conditions,the people’s main body shows different characteristics in different stages,and the degree of its main role is different.The realization of the people’s subject is a dynamic process from blind and spontaneous to free and conscious change.On the basis of the basic understanding of the people’s subject,Marx and Engels carried out the research and analysis of the people’s subject thought.Therefore,the fourth chapter of this paper combs the main content of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought,mainly from the people’s subject of the profound connotation,the main performance of the people’s subject,the people’s subject of the historical evolution process and development trend,as well as the people’s subject to realize the subjective and objective conditions and paths to expand;On the basis of mastering the basic content of the people’s subject thought,the fifth chapter of this paper analyzes and studies the logical structure and basic characteristics of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought.The first part of this chapter mainly discusses the logical structure of this thought from three aspects: logical starting point,logical mediating and logical purport.The second part of this chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of this thought as follows: the organic unity of group and individual,the organic unity of initiative and passivity,the organic unity of reality and spirituality;Finally,the sixth chapter of this paper discusses the contemporary value of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought,and points out that Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought has important theoretical significance for further understanding of historical materialism,finding out the misunderstanding of western masses’ view and breaking through the predicament of metaphysical subject philosophy.At the same time,this paper probes into the value guiding role of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought in the governance of the Communist Party of China,and points out that Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought points out the direction for the Communist Party of China to deal with several realistic contradictions faced by the people’s subject,and provides the path guidance for how to better realize the people’s subject in the new era.The ultimate purpose of this study is to systematically and comprehensively sort out and study Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought based on their classic texts,reveal the basic connotation of people’s subject thought,and try to generate a logical path of logic-historical logic-theoretical logic-realistic logic.Form a research system of Marx and Engels’ people’s subject thought with certain new ideas and their own research experience,hoping to contribute to the research in this field!...