| The modern society’s preference for precise knowledge shapes the cognitive result of "precision worship",which drives people to focus on the certainty factors and precise cognition in their cognitive activities,thus ignoring the fuzzy cognition and its special value.In Marxist epistemology,precision and fuzziness are the two basic dimensions of human cognitive activities.Human cognition can be divided into two types: precise cognition and fuzzy cognition.In the past research of Marxist epistemology,scholars mainly focused on the research of precise cognition based on rational knowledge,and lacked necessary attention to fuzzy cognition.In the contemporary society where social practice is extremely complicated and the objects of cognition are increasingly diversified,human beings are faced with more and more uncertain factors,and fuzzy cognition also increases dramatically.Therefore,for the study of contemporary Marxist epistemology,we should not only strengthen the study of precise cognition,but also attach great importance to the issue of fuzzy cognition,so as to constantly improve the ability of human beings to understand nature,society and themselves.Fuzzy cognition refers to the imprecision of the class boundary and nature state of the object of cognition in the process of conceptually grasping the object of cognition by the cognitive subject with certain cognitive tools.the history of the development of Western epistemology is a history of the discovery and confirmation of uncertainty and fuzziness in the process of constantly pursuing certainty and Precise knowledge because of repeated difficulties.On the road to understanding fuzzy knowledge,ontologists believe that the object of cognition itself is fuzzy,linguistics and logic emphasize semantic fuzziness,and cognitivism argues that fuzzy cognition is rooted in the finiteness of the cognitive subject.Marxist philosophy scientifically points out the objective universality of fuzzy cognition,clarifies that fuzzy cognition is rooted in the fuzzy characteristics of the material world,explains the material practical basis of fuzzy cognition,and clarifies the dialectical relationship between fuzzy cognition and Precise cognition.From the historical evolution of fuzzy cognition,The primitive mystical thinking stage,the ancient empirical thinking stage,the modern simple scientific thinking stage,and the contemporary complex scientific thinking stage in the evolutionary history of human cognition;the perception-motion stage,the preoperational stage,the concrete operational stage,and the formal operational stage in the development of individual cognition;the perceptual cognition stage,the rational cognition stage,and the practical testing stage in the specific process of individual cognition,Because of the influence of cognitive ability,cognitive tools,and cognitive environment,the manifestation and characteristics of fuzzy cognition have significant differences,and the relationship between fuzzy cognition and Precise cognition is constantly developing dialectically.From the viewpoint of the subject-object basis of fuzzy cognition,the limited perceptual thinking power,empirical knowledge power and emotional will power of the cognitive subject;the fuzzy choice of the cognitive subject in the process of information reception,fuzzy judgment in the process of information identification,fuzzy memory in the process of information storage,fuzzy reasoning in the process of information processing and fuzzy expression in the process of information transmission;the diversity,complexity and changeability of the cognitive object;the uncertainty and fuzziness of cognitive tools,symbolic system and cognitive environment in the intermediary system together constitute the mechanism of generating fuzzy cognition.The social function of fuzzy cognition is two-sided.On the one hand,excessive fuzzy cognition leads to social disorder and enhances social risk,so it should be eliminated and transcended in time;on the other hand,moderate fuzzy cognition provides possibilities for daily social interaction and social innovation,so it should be kept moderately fuzzy.The principle of incompatibility points out that as the complexity of society continues to increase,the tension between precision and meaningfulness grows,and social development calls for fuzzy ways of knowing and fuzzy methods of thinking to play its value of balance,inclusiveness,self-reflexivity,adaptability and innovative.Unlike the objectivity of natural cognition,social cognition is inevitably subjective.The social world is the place where fuzzy cognition is concentrated and produced,and the fuzziness in social cognition is the deep-seated problem of fuzzy cognition.The extreme complexity of social cognitive system leads to the fuzzy characteristic that social cognition is different from natural cognition.From the viewpoint of social cognitive methods,the openness,errorability and humanistic orientation of understanding methods have logical affinity with fuzzy cognition.Fuzziness in social cognition can be studied from the perspective of structural levels,such as fuzzy cognition in different social domains,the vectorial and degree structure of fuzziness in social cognition. |
