The Needed Satire—Manhua Magazine In Shanghai Period From 1950 To 1955

In the planned economy,every periodical and magazine was created with a clear purpose.Manhua(Cartoons漫画)monthly,launched in 1950,had its own unique value.But for the cartoonists concerned,the demand for satirical publications in the new China confused those who wanted to switch careers.It also hinted at a new social mission for cartoons in the new China.A review of studies of Manhua by scholars at home and abroad reveals many research gaps compared to other literary and artistic publications of the same period.This article will focus on the operation of Manhua in the Shanghai period.The main part of the article is divided into four chapters.The first chapter discusses the new’need’for cartoons in new China,the background to the founding of Manhua and the basic look of the publication.The discussion in the second chapter builds on the overall outline of the previous chapter by examining the traditional characteristics of Chinese cartoon publications in the first half of the twentieth century,analyzing the experience of the Soviet Union and its caricature publications,’discovering’and’repositioning’Manhua in its historical coordinates,and exploring the commonalities of the inherited historical traditions it inherited and the uniqueness of its time.The third chapter will unfold in two parts,discussing the types and characteristics of cartoons under the column and the main directions of the publication’s mission in different periods.The article will examine the role and peculiarities of the cartoons’drawing style during the period of the campaign to resist U.S.aggression and aid Korea and the First Five-Year Plan,and how cartoonists relied on the publication to develop the workers’literary movement.It analyses the timing of the emergence of internal criticism of cartoons,the public reaction,the orientation and trajectory of its development,and the intertwined relationship between the suspension and resumption of Manhua and the multiple factors of the reorganization of the literary and artistic landscape,the construction of a new cultural order and the strategic focus of the state.The fourth chapter takes a longer look at what social role Manhua was assigned and how it was practiced in the social and cultural context of the time,with its pictorial and performance-mediating qualities;what role the"visible"readers,who were constantly mentioned,played in the new mission of Manhua,and from what angles they could appear.What are the roles played by the’visible’readers who are constantly referred to in the new mission of Manhua and from which perspectives can the meaning of their presence be read.