Study On The Transformation And Shaping Of Chinese Spiritual World Led By Marxism

"Spiritual world",as the name implies,is the space where the "spiritual phenomenon" of the subject is generated and exists.It depends on the human brain as a material carrier and on the practical activities of human material production.It generates three levels on the basis of the three stages of reflection,reflection and transcendence of the subject’s "spiritual phenomenon" : the psychological level generated by human’s psychological activities,the thinking cognition level generated by human’s thinking activities,and the value moral level generated by human’s value judgment activities.How to recall the century-old transformation and shaping of the spiritual world of the Chinese people led by Marxism from the perspective of historical materialism,and how the Chinese people recognize,reflect on and transcend themselves in the past,present and future is related to the common prosperity of the spiritual life of the Chinese people,the construction of socialist spiritual civilization in the new era,and the spiritual inheritance of the Chinese nation.In this way,combined with the combing of the historical context,the macro display of the development of the spiritual world of the Chinese people has shown increasingly important research value in modern and contemporary China.The Chinese nation once had a splendid civilization,which historically shaped the unique spiritual world of the Chinese people and formed the unique spiritual character of the Chinese nation.At the psychological level,it is mainly embodied in the strong feelings of home and country and the practical worship of ancestors and gods.The thinking level is mainly embodied in the cognitive mode of the unity of heaven and man and the thinking mode of the mean of experience;The value and morality are mainly embodied in the pursuit of multiple values based on the Confucian ethical system.For more than two thousand years,the Chinese nation has been inheriting such a cultural spirit.However,when the decaying Qing Dynasty encountered the "powerful ships and guns" of the capitalist industrial powers,the feudal empire,which was already beset with internal crises,quickly went into decline.Along with the national crisis,the cultural identity crisis of intellectuals began to appear,which was reflected in the society as the comprehensive fission from individual psychology to social ethics.In order to realize cultural change,some advanced Chinese advocated learning from Western capitalism,but they had a dispute between partial learning and overall Westernization.The other part advocated restoring Chinese civilization through Confucianism,but some of them were wavering between tradition and the West.There are still some intellectuals in the non-capitalist and socialist trend of thought continue to search for cultural salvation.Which orientation should we choose?How should we treat Chinese and Western culture? Became the focus of modern advanced Chinese debate.The three different orientations were intricately interwoven in the spiritual world of contemporary people,thus forming the dilemma of Chinese cultural reform around the May Fourth Movement.When the socialist trend of thought flooded into China,Marxism appeared in China and got the rapid spread.Because of its compatibility with the historical and cultural context of China,Marxism soon won the recognition of some advanced intellectuals,who established their belief in the cognitive choice and became the early Marxists in China.Under the guidance of Marxist theory,advanced elements with Communist belief founded the Communist Party of China.They accurately grasped the pulse of history,and since then began to lead the Chinese people to change and shape the historical process of the spiritual world with the weapon of Marxism and its theoretical achievements in China.Marxism has gradually penetrated into the spiritual world of the Chinese people.In the new era of reform,opening up and socialist modernization,the Party insists on making Marxism the main ideological front in the pluralistic social trend of thought,and in the new era,constantly consolidating and strengthening the ideological guiding position of Marxism.Marxism has once again assumed the important role of leading the mainstream values of The Times and shaping people’s spiritual world.Over the past hundred years,Marxism,as the spiritual banner of the people,has led the transformation and shaping of the spiritual world of the Chinese people and produced important historical effects.Not only did the Chinese people completely rid themselves of the fate of being bullied,oppressed and enslaved in modern times,but they also fully demonstrated their subjective consciousness and actively participated in the cause of national rejuvenation led by the Communist Party of China.During this period,many historical memories will never dry up.For example,during the Revolutionary War,Marxism led the revolutionary people in the base areas to raise their national consciousness and political consciousness,led the Chinese Communists to shape their way of thinking,and led the soldiers and civilians in the base areas to cultivate the fearless revolutionary spirit and Communist morality.In New China,Marxism has led the Chinese people to establish a sense of being masters of socialism.The Chinese people have become more patriotic and developed Marxist philosophy.More importantly,the Chinese people have taken on a new spiritual outlook.In the process of reform and opening up,people in the awakening of multiple values at the same time actively construct socialist spiritual civilization,the "five lessons,four beauty and three love" and "socialist view of honor and disgrace" into the era of entering the socialist market economy exploration,and formed the reform and opening up as the core of the spirit of The Times and patriotism as the core of the national spirit.In the new era,the Chinese people,inspired by the "Chinese Dream" of national rejuvenation,have developed new spiritual forces.Under the infiltration of core socialist values,the Chinese people are seeking spiritual factors that are compatible with The Times.They are continuing to write a new patriotic spirit through loving the Party,patriotism and socialism,and shaping a new spirit of The Times under the influence of the Red revolutionary culture.To fulfill the historical mission of "new era" by upholding and inheriting the lofty ideal and common ideal.If we look into the depths of history,we cannot help but wonder how Marxism,as an ideological theory and political belief,can lead the transformation and shaping of the spiritual world of the Chinese people.Looking back at its realization path,we can find that this is not a historical coincidence,but reflected in a certain historical law.First of all,it cannot be separated from the leading subject,namely the leadership and mobilization of the Chinese Communists.In the common practice of leading the Chinese people to realize national rejuvenation and the value of the whole people,the CPC has achieved the same resonance,and in the extensive and profound social changes and the cleansing of the social atmosphere,it has removed obstacles for the shaping of the spiritual world of the people.At the same time,the CPC never relaxes its propaganda and study of the revolutionary theory and guiding ideology.And gradually established and improved the national education system guided by Marxism,guiding people to shape their own spiritual world in the process of learning and practice.Secondly,it cannot be separated from the theory itself,that is,the deep combination of Marxism and China’s specific practice.In different historical stages of China’s revolution,construction and reform,the Chinese Communists on the one hand realized the three theoretical leaps of Marxism in the deep combination with the specific national conditions,on the other hand realized the criticism and inheritance of Chinese traditional culture in the deep combination with the excellent Chinese traditional culture,thus Marxism in China has always shown the vitality of the theory.Finally,it cannot be separated from the guiding object,that is,the Chinese people constantly exert their conscious initiative in transforming the subjective world,and gradually realize the conscious shaping and construction of the spiritual world.Under the guidance of Marxism,the Chinese people consciously constructed the proletarian world view,manifested the subject consciousness,and consciously shaped the Marxist outlook on life and values,thus improving the spiritual realm.With the help of reform and opening up and the socialist market economy,contemporary China is ushering in a rebirth and take-off,and people’s material life is constantly improving and abundant.However,it is undeniable that the prosperity of material civilization does not necessarily bring about the continuous enrichment of people’s spiritual world.The crisis of the spiritual world of Chinese people a hundred years ago has appeared again with a new appearance in the contemporary era.How to maintain the dominant position of Marxism and the leading role of socialism in the age of coexistence of Chinese and Western pluralistic values? When people are liberated from the grand communist political discourse and then return to the secular discourse in which the individual is the subject,where will the spiritual belief be placed? After the rise of mass culture,how to resolve the tension and rift between people’s spiritual needs and the requirements of the state’s leading ideology? All these bring multiple challenges for Marxism to continue to lead the transformation and shaping of people’s spiritual world.Fortunately,people have become more and more aware of the importance of beautiful spiritual needs,more and more realize that the guidance of Marxism is indispensable to the shaping of people’s spiritual world.The great practice of common prosperity in the new era will provide material basis for the common prosperity of the spiritual world of the Chinese people,the sinicization of Marxism will provide theoretical guidance for the contemporary shaping of the spiritual world of the Chinese people,and the cultivation of advanced socialist culture will provide an endless supply of spiritual nourishment for the enrichment of the spiritual world of the Chinese people.All these make it possible for Marxism to continue to lead the transformation and shaping of the spiritual world of the Chinese people.