A Study On The Kuomintang’s Counter-japanese In Suiyuan Area During The National War Of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

Starting from the July 7th Incident,Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China.In response to the changes in the war situation,the Kuomintang Central Committee formulated a war guidance plan,established and reorganized the central wartime leadership,and passed the programme of Armed Resistance and National Reconstruction,built and strengthened its wartime military and political system.In the Kuomintang’s deployment scheme of counter-Japanese,Suiyuan area became an important part of the national battlefield because of the importance of geographical location.At the beginning of resisting against Japanese war,Suiyuan area gradually became the first line to prevent the Japanese and puppet troops from continuing their westward invasion from the Pingjin area.For this,the Kuomintang forces including the Northeast March,the national army of Suiyuan province and the seventh Division Cavalry of the Central army organized resistance,but ultimately ended in failure.The failure of the Kuomintang resistance led to the fall of the central and eastern part of Suiyuan province and the northern part of Suiyuan province.The result of the failure of the Kuomintang’s resistance led to the fall of the central-eastern and northern parts of Suiyuan Province,at the same time,it lead to the confrontation situation between the Kuomintang Suixi army and the Japanese and its puppet army in Houtao area during the national war of resistance against Japanese aggression.In the spring of 1939,Fu Zuoyi led his troops move to Houtao and became the deputy commander of the Kuomintang’s Eighth theater.He set up a deputy commander’s headquarters in Suixi.Suixi’s strategic position in the deployment of the Kuomintang Central Committee further rose and became one of the front positions for the Kuomintang to seek counter-attack against Japanese and its puppet army.Under the background of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the war of resistance against Japan,Fu Zuoyi took advantage of the opportunity of the Kuomintang Central Committee to request the establishment of Suiyuan provincial Mobilization Committee and the implementation of the new county system,with the Mobilization Committee as the core,he strengthened the construction of Suiyuan local political power,strengthened the training and education of military and political cadres,and extensively mobilized and organized the people to rebel against Japanese.At the same time,Fu Zuoyi also strengthened military construction in Suixi,expanded and rectificating discipline into the troops,strengthened military political work,and extensively carried out military service.Among them,the Mobilization Committee of Suiyuan province has been given more functions than the original intention of mobilizing the people.Its actual responsibilities include all aspects of the military and political construction of the Kuomintang in Suixi.The richness of its job also determines the multiplicity of its nature.At the same time,it is also the main way and concentrated embodiment of the Kuomintang’s integrated wartime system in Suixi.During the national war of resistance against Japan,Fu Zuoyi’s measures in the military and political affairs of Suixi took the war of resistance as the starting point,complied with the decree of the Kuomintang Central Committee,and combined with the local reality of Suixi.The operation of the Movement Committee,the establishment of the counter-Japanese construction Committee,the development of the military political work and other aspects were deeply influenced by the Communist Party of China,reflecting the distinctive regional characteristics.At the same time,its disadvantages are obvious.On the basis of responding to the requirements of the counter-Japanese war strategy of the Kuomintang Central Committee and complying with its military orders,Fu Zuoyi organized and commanded the Baotou campaign,the Suixi campaign and the Wuyuan campaign,namely the "three Suixi campaigns",in order to cooperate with the "winter offensive" of 1939 launched by the Kuomintang Central Committee against Japanese puppet army in the Kuomintang controlled area from the winter of 1939 to the late spring of 1940."The three Suixi campaigns" was a concentrated reflection of the military struggle between the Kuomintang Suixi army and the Japanese puppet army during the national war of resistance against Japanese aggression.To a certain extent,it has dealt a blow to the Japanese puppet army.The victory in the campaign was closely related to Fu Zuoyi’s military and political construction in Suixi.At the same time,the Suixi campaign also exposed a series of backwardness and limitations of the Kuomintang’s Suixi troops,including the backwardness in weapons,equipment and supplies,as well as the backwardness in military literacy such as poor coordination among the troops and the inability to truly implement strategies and tactics.The serious operational jealousies such as suspicion and constraints among the troops are the chronic diseases of the Kuomintang troops,which also existed in the three Suixi campaigns.The backwardness and limitations exposed by the Kuomintang’s Suixi troops in the "three Suixi campaigns" are essentially determined by the nature of their troops.After the "three Suixi campaigns",with the retreat of the Japanese army and the increase of against Communist frictions created by the Kuomintang Central Committee,the Kuomintang Suixi troops on the one hand formed a confrontation situation with the Japanese puppet army and maintained vigilance against the Japanese puppet army.in accordance with the instructions of the Kuomintang Central Committee,supervised and restricted the counter-Japanese army led by the Communist Party of China in Suiyuan and surrounding areas;continued its related political construction and participation in local social management.This situation continued until the victory of the Counter-Japanese War in August 1945.