Research On The Identification And Evaluation System Of Yesanpo Scenic Resources Based On 3S Technology

Scenic resources are the symbol of a region’s nature and culture,and an important carrier and material basis for the development of scenic spots.The key to the sustainable development of scenic and historic area is to make scientific plans and effective management based on the identification and evaluation of scenic resources.This paper constructs an identification and evaluation system of scenic resources based on 3S technology,taking Yesanpo scenic and historic area in Hebei Province as an example.Using the methods of GPS field survey,RS image recognition and GIS spatial analysis to identify and evaluate the scenic resources.It aims to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the planning and management of scenic and historic area,and provide decision-making basis for the sustainable development of scenic and historic area.The main results are as follows:(1)In the aspect of constructing the identification and evaluation system of scenic resources.According to the principles of hierarchy,representativeness,operability,natural priority,combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis,based on the "Standard for Scenic and Historic Area General Planning"(GB/T 50298-2018),combined with the theories and methods of Scenic resource,Geography,Geomorphology,Forestry,Landscape ecology,Tourism and other disciplines,the identification and evaluation system of scenic resources is constructed based on 3S technology.Through the four steps of remote sensing image recognition of scenic resources,small category recognition of scenic resources,construction of GIS database of scenic resources,recognition and evaluation of scenic resources and their spatial combination,systematic and digital identification of scenic resources,analysis of spatial distribution rules and characteristics of scenic resources,and evaluation of spatial combination value of scenic resources.(2)In the aspect of using RS technology to identify scenic resources.Taking GF-2 image as data source,four classification methods of pixel-based(MLC,NN,SVM)and object-oriented are used to identify the scenic resources of Yesanpo.The systematic sampling method is used to evaluate the classification accuracy of scenic resources based on pixel and object-oriented recognition,which effectively improves the objectivity and accuracy of the evaluation.The results show that the four classification methods based on pixel and object-oriented in GF-2 image meet the accuracy requirements of scenic resources recognition,and the accuracy of object-oriented classification is higher.In terms of classification speed,MLC>SVM>NN>Object-oriented classification.The application scope and scene of classification methods are different.Appropriate methods should be selected according to the actual needs of scenic resources identification:①If multi band and hyperspectral remote sensing images with low and medium spatial resolution are used,or scenic resources need to be identified quickly and preliminarily,pixel-based classification can be used;②If GF-2 and other high-resolution remote sensing images are used for high-precision identification of scenic resources,the object-oriented classification method is more suitable.(3)In the aspect of using GIS technology to identify the spatial combination and distribution of scenic resources.For some scenic and historic area that belong to both scenic and historic area and state-owned forest farms,if there is a complete recent survey data of forest resources planning and design survey,it can be used as one of the data sources.Combining GF-2 image and DEM data,a GIS database of scenic resources can be established,which can directly reflect the spatial and attribute information of scenic resources,analyze the spatial combination and distribution of scenic resources,and promote scenic resources standardization and informatization of identification and evaluation.Based on the identification and evaluation system of scenic resources,this paper establishes Yesanpo GIS database of scenic resources,and analyzes 59 spatial combinations and distribution of scenic resources in the scenic and historic area.(4)In the aspect of evaluation of spatial distribution of scenic resources.The spatial combination index of scenic resources(SCISR)is proposed as one of the indexes for quantitative analysis of spatial distribution of scenic resources.Meanwhile,the NNI,KDE,Gini coefficient,Unbalance index and Geographical concentration index in modern geography are introduced into the research field of spatial distribution evaluation of scenic resources,and the spatial combination distribution characteristics of scenic resources are analyzed quantitatively and graphically.According to the analysis,the overall characteristics of spatial distribution of scenic resources in Yesanpo are as follows:①As a whole,the spatial distribution of scenic resources is relatively low in equilibrium and concentrated,showing an aggregation spatial distribution pattern.② The existing scenic spots have formed three obvious spatial distribution gathering areas,which are Baili Xia scenery area,the west of Longmen Tianguan scenery area and the southeast of Baicao Pan scenery area from high to low.③ In Haitang Yu,Shixuan Xia,Xiezi Gou,west,east and surrounding areas of Juma River basin in Baili Xia scenery area,Dalongmen Castle,cliff carvings and waterfalls in the west and northeast of Longmen Tianguan scenery area.Daze reservoir,Beiyu Tower,South Bridge and surrounding areas of Baicao Pan scenery area,central and southwest areas of Jinhua Mountain scenery area,the spatial combination index of scenic resources is high,and the scenic resources are high The value of sightseeing and recreation is high.④At present,the west,East and surrounding areas of Xiezi Gou and Juma River basin in Baili Xia scenery area,the northeast of Longmen Tianguan scenery area,Daze reservoir,Beiyu Tower,South Bridge and surrounding areas in the central part of Baicao Pan scenery area,and the central and southwest areas of Jinhua Mountain scenery area have less developed scenic spots and low development degree,but the spatial combination index of scenic resources in these areas is high and has high development value with great development potential.Based on the identification of scenic resources,the scenic resources of each scenery area are evaluated from the perspective of spatial combination of scenic resources.To sum up,this paper constructs the identification and evaluation system of scenic resources based on 3S technology.Through the application study of the case area,It not only verifies the scientificity,universality and operability of the system,but also provides theoretical basis and technical support for the identification and evaluation of similar scenery area,and provides a reference for the scientific planning of the case area.