Vernacular Architecture Of Ethnic Villages Under The Background Of Tourism Development Research On Sign Construction And Application

Mr.Fei Xiaotong put forward in "Rural China" : "Chinese society is local.and local society has become a society born and died in local restrictions." Sociological studies describe rural society as a society of innate etiquette and custom.a society of "acquaintances".China is experiencing the third transformation of rural society.Under the impact of modernization.the traditional rural society is facing an urgent situation of extinction and integration.This phenomenon is particularly evident in the process of globalization of ethnic settlements in some places.The trend of secularization and commercialization has involved these rural villages which were originally in a corner into the transformation.Where should the national culture go?It is an urgent problem for contemporary scholars to solve.Vernacular architecture is an important carrier of the inheritance of national culture.The space form.Street texture and public space symbols presented by the local settlements are the material presentation of the collective memory of the nation;the plane function and structural form symbols of the Miao architecture imply the internal structure of the Miao social culture;the detailed decorative symbols of the local architecture express the cultural genes of the natural worship and totem worship in the national culture.Therefore.vernacular architecture is actually a magnificent national history.These architectural symbols.as cultural representations in the long historical changes.record the development process of the national society and are the essence of the national history and culture.At present.there are few studies on the development and application of vernacular architectural symbols tourism.The existing studies mainly focus on ethnic tourism.local architecture.architectural symbols and so on.Generally speaking.the existing research results are relatively independent in the fields of tourism.sociology.history and architecture.There is no in-depth discussion on the spatial representation and historical value of architectural symbols and the tourism development of local architecture.At present.the development of ethnic villages is in the ascendant.and the development of rural tourism in Ethnic-inhabited areas is fiercely competitive.How to display its own cultural characteristics in the development of numerous ethnic rural tourism is the key to the success of regional tourism development.Based on this realistic background.starting from the intersection of architecture.history and tourism.this paper puts forward the research topics of the article.Under the background of tourism development.the construction and application of vernacular architectural symbols in Ethnic Villages-Taking Qianhu Miao Village in Xijiang.Guizhou as an example.This paper chooses thousands of Miao villages in Xijiang as a research model to study the construction and use of Miao vernacular architectural symbols under the background of contemporary rural tourism development.How do vernacular architectural symbols present national culture? How to construct the symbolic system of local architecture in ethnic settlements? How can architectural symbols guide the development of ethnic regional tourism? How to balance the development of tourism and the protection of cultural heritage? The author has been trying to answer the above questions for three years.which leads to the research proposition of this paper.Under the background of tourism development.the construction and application of vernacular architectural symbols-take Qianhu Miao Village in Xijiang County.Guizhou Province as an example.The first part of the paper mainly includes the proposition of research questions,core research contents,literature review of relevant research theories,research methods and so on,and puts forward the technical route and research framework of the article;secondly,the construction of theoretical system,tourism development of local architectural symbols involves a number of basic disciplines and Related Interdisciplinary disciplines,including ethnic tourism,local architecture and architectural symbols.Numbering and tourism semiotics provide theoretical basis for the follow-up systematic study of this paper,and also include an overview of Miao’s history and culture.The Miao’s local architectural symbols studied in this paper are one of the Miao’s cultural symbols.Through an overview of the historical changes of the Miao people in Xijiang,ethnic philosophy,family legal structure and so on,the cultural symbols system needed in the follow-up tourism development process is provided.Supported by advantageous materials.So far,the construction and tourism development of Miao’s local architectural symbols have been put forward completely and clearly.Why should we study Miao’s local architectural symbols? How to construct local architectural symbols? How can architectural symbols be used as a cultural symbol for tourism development? What path should be taken to develop and protect cultural symbols in tourism? This is the core issue to be studied in this paper.In the middle part,starting from the Miaozhai’s residential buildings,the formal symbolic features of functional buildings are constructed.Starting from the macro-micro analysis process of the macro-settlement symbols-street texture symbols-architectural function symbols-detail decorative symbols of thousands of Miao villages,the construction elements of each dimension are counted,classified,sorted out and illustrated.Through the changes of architectural symbols,this paper explores the changes of Miao clan structure and social culture.Finally,it presents the symbolic system of thousands of Miao villages and functional residential buildings in the way of intuitive architectural symbols map.Secondly,starting from the public buildings of Miao villages,it constructs the formal symbolic characteristics of ritual buildings.This paper makes a semiotic analysis of the main public building groups in thousands of Miao villages,such as Lusheng Square,Tonggu Encouragement Square,Drum Tibetan Hall,Living Road Residence and other space groups with a sense of national rituals and their buildings,and analyses the national historical and cultural values behind the architectural symbols,and puts forward the control requirements for the protection measures of historic buildings.Coupling relationship between swimming development.As a kind of cultural symbol,whether architectural symbols can be truly transformed into exploitable tourism resources needs relevant theories and empirical evidence as the basis of verification;starting from theoretical verification,this paper discusses the "tourism space production" of local architectural symbols as a cultural symbol,and what role should architectural symbols play in the process of tourism development.Traditional architectural symbols are in the contemporary era.What kind of historical view should be presented under the background of tourism development? Finally,from the perspective of tourism development,this paper discusses the tourism value of vernacular architecture as a cultural symbol,namely "image consumption value","elite consumption value","place spirit consumption value".In the empirical part,based on the theoretical description above,the relationship between architectural symbols and tourism demand is quantitatively studied.A questionnaire survey was conducted among 516 tourists.The tourism demand of local architectural symbols was counted by Lickett Five Meters.The statistical data were analyzed by SPSS software.The distribution characteristics of tourists’ demand for architectural symbols and the differences of the distribution characteristics of different sociological groups were deduced.In addition,tourists were interviewed,and the current tourists’ feelings and suggestions on the development of Miaozhai tourism were obtained,which provided empirical support for the previous theoretical hypothesis;then from the development and protection of local architectural symbols to the protection of Miaozhai cultural heritage system,cultural heritage is the core resource of Miaozhai tourism development;according to the evaluation criteria of the Ministry of Housing and Construction’s cultural heritage value,the paper made an empirical study on the development of Miaozhai tourism.Thousands of Miao Village’s material and intangible cultural heritage has been evaluated,which provides theoretical support for the establishment of follow-up protection system.Secondly,according to the interviews with government managers and tourists in Xijiang Town,as well as the analysis of the commercial format of thousands of Miao villages,this paper discusses the realistic problems in the tourism development of thousands of Miao villages.According to the current situation of the local architectural heritage resources and tourism development,it puts forward specific strategies for cultural tourism development and suggestions for establishing a normal heritage protection system.This paper makes a general self-analysis of the research,clarifies the conclusions of the article,puts forward the limitations of research methods and results,and looks forward to the direction of future research..The innovations of this paper are as follows:First.the innovation of research perspective.the current research on tourism development of ethnic villages mainly focuses on the tourism academia.focusing on the sustainability of tourism development of ethnic villages.tourists’ experience.management and development model and so on.However.the current study of folk tourism pays less attention to the national vernacular architecture.As the core attraction of national tourism.the research results of the national vernacular architecture under the paradigm of tourism research are still relatively scarce.This paper studies the symbolic characteristics of vernacular architecture from the perspectives of architecture and urban and rural planning.and explores the tourism value of cultural symbols from the perspective of cultural consumption theory.It is an innovation for the current tourism academia to study the perspective of ethnic villages.and provides a reference for the enrichment and perfection of the theory of ethnic tourism development.Second.the innovation of research methods.This research adopts a method of interdisciplinary comprehensive analysis.On the basis of literature review.data and data are collected through urban and rural planning mapping.ancient building mapping.field survey(participatory observation.interviews.questionnaires)and other methods.Data and data are analyzed and discussed by combining quantitative and qualitative methods and comparative research methods.This paper tries to make the research process and conclusion more scientific and objective by means of graphic theory.hypothesis and data demonstration.Through systematic exposition and demonstration.this paper discusses the cultural heritage value and tourism development value of vernacular architectural symbols from the three dimensions of symbolic composition(symbol)-Symbolic application(pragmatics)-symbolic meaning(symbolism).and draws the following three conclusions.Firstly.the symbolic system of functional architecture and ceremonial architecture is constructed from the perspective of symbol.Under the background of tourism development of ethnic settlements.it is necessary to upgrade the symbols of local architecture to the high level of village cultural heritage system for normalized protection and utilization.and specific measures for cultural heritage protection and control are defined.Ethnic cultural heritage is not only the core resource of ethnic tourism development.but also the foundation of the inheritance of ethnic society.The construction and protection of vernacular architectural symbols is only a kind of material and cultural heritage.There are also many information of national history and social changes hidden behind the local architecture that need to be protected.Therefore.the development of ethnic tourism must be based on the protection system of cultural heritage with the protection of ethnic buildings as the core.Only in this way can the tourism development be sustainable.According to the evaluation criteria of traditional villages and traditional buildings issued by the Ministry of Construction.this paper evaluates and assigns the value of Xijiang Miao Village’s settlements and architectural heritage.clarifies the value distribution of Xijiang Miao Village’s cultural heritage.and does basic work for the protection of architectural cultural heritage in the later tourism development of Xijiang Miao Village.Establishing a normal protection system is the key factor for sustainable tourism development of cultural heritage.It is proposed that detailed investigation.statistics and classification of cultural heritage in the region should be carried out.Detailed and operable protection and control requirements should be established for each form of cultural heritage in order to preserve national cultural heritage under the impact of "commercialization of tourism" and "secularization of consumption".Authenticity.Secondly.from the perspective of pragmatics.this paper studies the real demand of vernacular architectural symbols in the process of tourism consumption.and verifies the demand of tourists for architectural symbols consumption through questionnaires and interviews.using quantitative and qualitative methods.It is pointed out that tourists hope to find individual and collective cultural identity and realize individual cultural satisfaction in differentiated cultural consumption.And different groups of tourists have different preferences for architectural symbols.Based on the study of the symbolic system of local architecture and the sense of tourism experience.this paper designs a questionnaire of three dimensions:perception of architectural symbols.experience of architectural symbols and acquisition of architectural symbols.Through the Lickett Five-Metric Table.data statistics are collected and analyzed by SPSS software.It is found that tourists have obvious intentions on tourism consumption of architectural symbols and have different opinions.The consumption preferences of tourists are different.At the same time.it is pointed out that cultural consumption comes from non-functional personal needs.Its essence lies in the preference for the cultural functions of consumer goods.Cultural consumption is regarded as a differentiated consumption mode.Cultural consumers realize class distinction and self-value highlighting through the difference between symbols and objects."Consumers experience unusual cultural consumption behavior as freedom.ideal and choice.rather than as a result of drifting with the tide.Thirdly.it studies the spiritual attributes of the vernacular architectural symbols from the perspective of symbols.and points out that the vernacular architectural symbols are the "cultural capital" of national tourism development.According to the cultural capital of thousands of Miao villages.the tourism experience project of "theatrical space" can be constructed and the natural ecological attributes of "tourism reclusive culture" can be guided.Through the study of the local settlement and architectural symbols in miao village.Xijiang.this paper summarizes them into functional vernacular architectural symbols and ritual vernacular architectural symbols.in which the functional architectural symbols start from the function-structure-form of traditional miao village architecture.and study the characteristics of miao village family structure under this spatial representation.Ritual architectural symbols analyze the structural forms and cultural characteristics of Miao social celebrations.ceremonies.sacrifices and other public activities from the perspective of public participation.These two types of architectural symbols are the material representation of Miao’s history and culture.The construction of Miao’s vernacular architectural symbols is the tracing of Miao’s history in another dimension.According to the construction of vernacular architectural symbols in this paper.it is suggested that these cultural symbols should be used in tourism development to create various Miao Cultural Thematic spaces so that tourists can feel theatrical.Tourists.aborigines and space environment together constitute this virtual cultural theatre.so that cultural symbols can show their historical authenticity in material space and build a "spirit of place".Travel space.At the same time.through the study of Miao village’s local settlements and architectural symbols.it is found that the Miao village’s settlements and buildings in Xijiang contain philosophical thoughts of advocating nature and resembling heaven and earth.The ecological layout characteristics of Miao village’s general location under mountains and above water flow coincide with the thoughts of "Buddhist system"."quiet" and "seclusion" pursued by contemporary society.Using the symbols of miao village vernacular architecture.we can shape buildings.streets and public spaces with traditional Miao culture atmosphere.These spaces have strong natural growth attributes.and can provide a private space with cultural attributes for contemporary "hermits".in which people can appreciate the artistic conception of "calm"."simplicity" and "indifference".even if it releases pressure.The way of tourism is also the philosophy of doing nothing to govern the world.In this regard.the Miao vernacular architectural symbols are not only the manifestation of Miao’s history and culture.but also a footnote to the materialistic and simple world outlook that tourists in modern society advocate.