Study On The Response Mechanism And Pathways Of Coal Production To CO₂ Emissions Mitigation Under Carbon Peaking And Carbon Neutrality

China has vowed to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060（referred to as carbon peaking and carbon neutrality）to cope with the threat caused by global climate change jointly.However,China’s energy endowment determines that coal with a high carbon emission coefficient is the dominant energy source in China for a long time.With the accelerated urbanization and industrialization in the past 20 years,along with the huge population base,China has become the largest carbon emitter in the world.As China has implemented the policy to constrain energy consumption and carbon emissions,the controversy of whether to phase out or continue using coal has become the focus.It determines the way China confront climate change and achieves carbon neutrality.This study aims to respond to the scientific questions to guarantee national energy security.Moreover,it aims to utilize coal resources sustainably and achieve carbon peaking and carbon netrality smoothly.This study tries to solve a series of scientific questions,including what is the law that coal production should abide by to mitigate CO₂ emissions mediated by land?Is it possible to eliminate negative externalities and mitigate CO₂ emissions by implementing compulsory ecological compensation for coal production?Among low-carbon policies,which one is preferable if the carbon sink factor take into account?Is there a technical pathway for innovation in coal production to respond to CO₂ emissions mitigation?The response of coal production to CO₂ emissions mitigation along with its transition pathway were studied.The framework of this study follows the ideas of proving the laws of coal production,finding out external incentives,comparing low-carbon policies and introducing technological innovations.The main contents and conclusions are as follows:1.This study uses land development as the mediating variable to research the asymmetric impact mechanism of coal production and CO₂ emissions to find the law that coal production responds to CO₂ emissions mediated by land development.With the help of the nonlinear ARDL model,the following conclusions were drawn:the positive and negative shock CO₂ emissions on coal production were similar in the long.Moreover,CO₂ emissions negatively affected coal production.In addition,the impact of coal production on CO₂ emissions is symmetrical in both the long and short term.From the perspective of the impact of land development and utilization on coal production,the positive impact is greater than the negative impact.The inspiration from the study is as follows:Coal production should pay attention to CO₂ emission mitigation policies;Coal production should adapt to economic development and industrial structure.China should focus on upgrading of industrial structure.The economic growth model should transition.2.This study is based on the construction of spatial econometric models and used the two-stage spatial least squares method to study the CO₂ emission mitigation mechanism of compulsory ecological compensation for coal production.The following conclusions are as follows:the provincial CO₂ emissions are consistent with the environmental Kuznets curve（EKC）hypothesis that can be proved in China.Compulsory ecological compensation（CEC）displayed spillover effects on energy intensity along with CO₂ emissions recovered.CEC will spatially affect CO₂ emissions.Reducing coal production in neighbouring regions may cause the mitigation of local CO₂ emissions.Regional cooperation should be implemented in the process of carbon mitigation.3.When considering carbon sink factors,this study used mediating effect model,moderating effect model and moderated mediating model to compare the effects of low-carbon policies.It is found that the suppressing effect of developing renewable energy is less than that of collecting resource tax.It shows that the loss of land carbon sink can be a tax base for collecting coal resource tax when considering the carbon sink factor.In the meanwhile,the mediating effect of feed-in tariff subsidy on the carbon intensity of renewable energy is gradually decreasing,indicating that renewable energy should establish a retrogressive mechanism.While developing renewable energy to curb the growth of carbon intensity,the treatment of pollutants produced by coal-burning can play an effective regulatory role.Developing renewable energy in areas with heavy SO₂emissions has a greater carbon mitigation effect than in areas with relatively low SO₂emissions.However,the adjustment effect of high SO₂ emissions will gradually decrease with the development of renewable energy.Therefore,it is necessary to treat the pollutants and carbon emissions when utilizing coal resources.4.The study also discussed feasible coal production technology innovation and their CO₂ emission reduction effects to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.The input-output table was used to estimate the depletion potential mitigating CO₂ emissions innovatively,which was induced by actively technical innovation.The source of CO₂ emissions that are relevant to coal can be divided into coal mining and washing,coal transportation,power and heating,coal chemical industry and other industries.The panel threshold effect of renewable energy on CO₂ emissions reveals the necessity of introducing other clean and low-carbon energy sources.The UGCC technology is a feasible technical solution to reduce land damage caused by coal production and meet carbon neutrality goals.The emission mitigation effects of UGCC and UGCC along with CCS are significantly effective.The comparison between the carbon price and CCS cost shows that the competition between UGCC technology and renewable energy is the competition between CCS costs and carbon price.In the future,UGCC and renewable energy will be complementary energy sources.We should develop them together.To sum up,several policy implications were rendered to policymakers.Coal production planning should be scientific.Resources management sector should highlight that the carbon mitigation effect of land negative externality compensation in coal production.Coal production should pay attention to spatial effects and inter-regional compensation.Carbon management departments should pay attention to the impact of the carbon price and negative carbon technology cost on the carbon reduction effect.Speed up the process of active technological innovation in coal production.30 charts,26 tables and 249 references are included in the dissertation.