Research On The Impact Of Limestone Mining On The Environment And Countermeasure

With the development of the social economy and the advancement of industrialization and modernization,mineral resources in the national economy of country are becoming more and more important.Vietnam is a country with rich mineral resources,but has the lagging behind in management,the over-exploitation of resources and unreasonable of resource allocation and the phenomenon of mining structure.These causes are resulting in the low utilization rate of ore recovery and environmental degradation and other issues.To resolve these problems,the key point is to strengthen effective management to mineral resources.Mining industrial is an important contribution to the economic growth of the country and creates a large number of employment opportunities for working people in rural areas and mountainous areas.But in recent years,Vietnam has only focused on economic benefits and neglected the protection of the ecological environment.The mining industry has caused serious environmental pollution,especially affected to the fallow land and the ecological landscape near the mining area,mainly due to the lack of suitable technical solutions.Nowadays,mining environment pollution problem has been very serious,especially after the end of mining activities in the mining area.Therefore,we need to study and propose solutions for each mine of different characteristics.The mechanism and policy of environmental restoration in Vietnam for mining and mineral processing are still very new issues.According to the results of a survey on the environmental conditions and environmental restoration of mining areas in Vietnam,in the mining areas the focus of environmental restoration work is still not clear,lacking of patterns and processes for environmental recovery and most of the mining areas used backward technology and equipment and simple low cost program.Limestone is the main raw material for the production of cement and building materials.Limestone is stripped of topsoil in mining,road construction and industrial ground place,which will cause a series of environmental impacts such as:the changes of topographic conditions and geographical landscape,air pollution,water pollution,land pollution and other environmental pollution,especially the destruction of ecological mining areas,industrial accidents and so on.In order to overcome these limitations and negative effects on the mining areas,we must accurately assess the current status of the areas and identify sources of pollution,and then study and get achievements of advanced science and technology to solve these problems.According to the actual situation in Vietnam,combined with the world’s advanced environmental remediation technology and technology solutions,the main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the work of restoration of the surface mine environment in other countries of the world and Vietnam;The management of the environmental restoration process will be carried out by the end of the past and present mining activities in Vietnam,analysis of technical measures.(2)Study and formulate the management plan of environmental restoration for the region with the potential of economic development,put forward the proposal of administrative management to the study of key areas;In order to improve the efficiency of the use of funds for environmental restoration,after the completion of the typical mining area,the paper studies and puts forward the plan of environmental restoration.(3)Analysis and evaluation of the environmental impact assessment report of the open pit mining project.Combined with the relevant legal documents to put forward a reasonable assessment of the environmental impact of the guidance document,improve the quality of environmental impact assessment,as a solution to improve the effectiveness of environmental protection in Vietnam mining activities,and to promote the development of the national environmental management system capacity building.To improve the quality of environmental impact assessment is an effective method of mining environmental protection in Vietnam.(4)The technical management measures for the study of environmental restoration are based on the open pit mining activities and natural factors(Geology,topography,climate,hydrology,soil,plants,etc).Social and economic factors(the influence of mining industry on the whole economic structure,infrastructure,other social problems such as:Employment,income,etc)the relationship between,also includes environmental problems and natural disasters(air pollution due to dust,noise and exhaust,water pollution due to solid waste,toxic waste from mining and mining)the relationship between.Water environment or air environment is also related to other activities(such as:industrial production,construction materials production,agriculture,forestry,fisheries).This shows that before the proposed solution has a decisive,the analysis of a problem from a multi angle system.(5)The mining projects were evaluated and determined the impactto natural environment and regional society,the mining of the regional conditions as a suitable environment for recovery after mining conditions.The local government has agreed with objectives using the land after the end of mining,selected the appropriate plant species for planting according to the local climate and soil conditions.Regional biodiversity was increased,reduced to the dust pollution and land reclamation.Developing local economic activities and planting techniques and solving problems of the plant symbiotic should be carried out for successful environmental restoration measures in mining area.(6)The mining areas have developed different types of mineral landscapes and environments,and proposed effective programs for environmental protection and environmental restoration.Working together with other mining units have recovered environmental on a number of typical mining areas,so the similar conditions program can be applied to other of mining areas.