Research On The Spatial Pattern And Influencing Factors Of Tourism Public Service In Sichuan Province

With the advent of the mass tourism era,the level of public tourism services is related to all aspects of tourist experience.It has not only become an important indicator to measure the level of regional tourism development,but also an important demand and way to enhance regional tourism competitiveness.As a major tourism province in Southwest my country,Sichuan province has rich tourism resources and a good tourism development momentum,and is facing a huge opportunity to transform from a major tourism province to a strong tourism province.However,Sichuan province is still quite different from the eastern provinces in terms of tourism industry development,tourism market cultivation,and infrastructure construction.Due to its complex and diverse geomorphological types,and the differences in regional economic and geographic patterns,Sichuan's tourism development is unbalance,and the short-term effects of tourism public service facilities is obvious,which have severely restricted the transformation and upgrading of the tourism industry in Sichuan.In this context,this study took 183 counties in Sichuan as the research object,and used web data crawling results and statistical data as the main data source to evaluate the level of tourism public service in the county and its spatial pattern,and evaluate mountainous counties and non-mountainous counties.The level of tourism public service in the county and the level of tourism public service in the five major economic zones of Sichuan were differentiated to analyze the characteristics of the public service level of tourism in Sichuan from different perspectives.In addition,through Spatial Autocorrelation Model,Multiple Linear Regression Model,Spatial Error Model(SEM)and Spatial Lag Model(SLM),and Geographic Weighted Regression(GWR)revealed the effect and intensity of physical geography and socioeconomic factors on the level of tourism public service and its impact on tourism public service,and the spatial difference of influence.Through the coupling analysis of tourism public service level and tourism efficiency,it revealed the current tourism efficiency under different tourism public service input in the county area,so as to make a comprehensive and in-depth evaluation of the county tourism public service.Based on the above research,the current problems in Sichuan tourism public services were diagnosed and identified,and on this basis,measures to improve Sichuan tourism public services were proposed in order to provide theoretical basis and scientific reference for the sustainable development of tourism.The main conclusions of this study were as follows:(1)The overall level of tourism public services in the counties of Sichuan was relatively low.The low-level and lower-level tourism public service of districts and counties account for 51.92% of the total counties.County tourism public services had the characteristics of unbalanced spatial distribution,and form a high-level core area with Chengdu as a high-level core area.The Chengdu Plain,southern Sichuan and most districts and counties in northeastern Sichuan constitute a medium-level area,as well as northwest Sichuan and Panxi was a spatial pattern of low and lower-level tourism public service,and the tourism public service in the central area of each district was higher than that of the surrounding counties,presenting a "core-peripheral" structure as a whole.The tourism public service in mountainous counties was significantly lower than that in non-mountainous counties.The five major economic zones had the characteristics of Chengdu Plain Economic Zone>South Sichuan Economic Zone>Northeast Economic Zone>Panxi Economic Zone>Northwest Sichuan Ecological Economic Zone.The spatial pattern of tourism public services in Sichuan was significantly affected by economic and geographic patterns.(2)The tourism public service in Sichuan had obvious spatial autocorrelation,and the characteristics of spatial agglomeration were obvious.High-high agglomeration districts and counties were mainly distributed in Chengdu and its surrounding districts and counties.The counties with high-level tourism public services were surrounded by the same high-level counties and had significant positive spatial effects;they were low-low-aggregation districts and counties.It was overall driving effect was poor.(3)Geographical factors,economic and social factors had significant impacts on tourism public services,and they were important driving forces for the formation of the characterristics of Sichuan tourism public services.The urbanization rate,per capita GDP,permanent population,the ratio of tertiary industry to regional GDP,education and the number of mobile phone households all had significant impacts on tourism public services.Among them,the three indicators of urbanization rate,GDP per capita and permanent population were the main driving factors affecting tourism public services in Sichuan.GWR analysis showed that the number of geological disasters,the impact of permanent population,the distance from the city center of Chengdu,the distance from the prefecture-level city center,the ratio of tertiary industries to regional GDP,and education on tourism public services was spatial different.(4)The efficiency level simulated by the Super-SBM model was used to characterize the relative efficiency of multiple county decision-making units.The tourism efficiency of most counties in Sichuan was relatively low.Only 23 counties had achieved effective tourism efficiency,and most counties had insufficient input and output.The coupling relationship between tourism public service input and tourism efficiency could be divided into four types: insufficient tourism public service-high efficiency,balanced tourism public service-high efficiency,balanced tourism public service-low efficiency and redundant tourism public service-low efficiency.Among them,the number of districts and counties belonging to the type of tourism public service redundancy-low efficiency was the largest,accounting for78.26% of the total number of districts and counties.(5)Sichuan's tourism public services were facing problems such as low overall level and unbalanced spatial distribution,mismatch between tourism public services and tourism efficiency,low level of supporting elements of tourism public services,and lack of seasonal response and distribution of tourism public service supply.The improvement of county-level tourism public services in Sichuan needed to be problem-oriented,and the improvement of tourism public services should be realized from three aspects,optimization of tourism public service time and space,optimization of tourism efficiency and optimization of tourism public service management.The results of this research could provide research support for the optimization and promotion of county tourism public services in Sichuan,and could also provide a certain reference for the development and optimization of small-scale tourism public services in southwest mountainous areas in China,enriching tourism public service research results in this field.