Study On The Distribution Of Agricultural Science And Technology Resources In China

Agricultural science and technology is not only an important support for agricultural development,but also the focus of agricultural development competition in the world.As the basis of agricultural science and technology activities,the unreasonable distribution of agricultural science and technology resources in China is prominent,which leads to the low efficiency of the allocation of agricultural science and technology resources and is difficult to provide strong support for the development of modern agriculture.Therefore,based on the analysis of the layout characteristics of the constituent elements of scientific and technological resources,this study constructs a comprehensive index representing the development level of agricultural scientific and technological resources,analyzes the spatial structure of the level of agricultural scientific and technological resources,and empirically analyzes the influencing factors of the differences in the development level of regional agricultural scientific and technological resources,This paper further analyzes the layout characteristics of scientific and technological innovation efficiency of agricultural research institutes and its impact on the high-quality development of agriculture,and finally puts forward the strategy of optimizing the layout of agricultural scientific and technological resources,so as to reasonably allocate agricultural scientific and technological resources and promote agricultural modernization.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The development level of agricultural science and technology resources shows an increasing trend and there are regional differences.From 2010 to 2017,the level of agricultural science and technology resources in six regions in China showed an increasing trend,of which North China had a large increase and Northwest China had the smallest increase;The overall level of agricultural science and technology resources is as follows: East China > North China > Central South > Northeast >Southwest > Northwest.(2)The level of agricultural science and technology resources has the phenomenon of agglomeration and convergence,and the distribution of resources presents an obvious imbalance.The level of agricultural science and technology resources in China is concentrated,and is weakening year by year;Most provinces are concentrated in high high concentration areas and low low concentration areas,and the trend of polarization is obvious;Among them,agricultural science and technology resources in high high concentration areas have a significant radiation driving effect on the surrounding areas,East China,Central South and southwest regions have a trend of catching up with high-value areas,while southwest and northwest regions converge to their own steady-state level.(3)There are regional differences in the development level of agricultural science and technology resources,which is related to regional social economy,agricultural development,geographical location and natural ecological conditions,as well as the layout of national agricultural scientific research.The empirical results show that urbanization rate,government capital investment and the possession of major agricultural scientific research infrastructure have a significant positive impact on the improvement of regional agricultural science and technology resources.(4)The spatial distribution of innovation efficiency of agricultural research institutes is unbalanced.From 2012 to 2018,the innovation efficiency of agricultural research institutes showed an overall trend that the east central region was higher than the west,and there was efficiency loss;Among them,academic innovation efficiency and economic innovation efficiency show an increasing trend of fluctuation,while social innovation efficiency shows a downward trend of shock.There are few "three high types" with high academic,economic and social innovation efficiency,and the research samples are only agricultural research institutes in Beijing and Shandong.From the perspective of convergence,there is a trend that agricultural research institutes in backward areas catch up with agricultural research institutes in leading areas,while social innovation efficiency does not show a catch-up trend.(5)The spatial distribution of agricultural scientific research talents is uneven,and the factors related to the government have a significant impact on the distribution of talents.The research shows that the cold spots of agricultural scientific research talents in China are concentrated in the western region,and there are no obvious hot spots;Among them,the overall situation of doctoral / Master talents is hot in the East and cold in the west,the hot spots move north and the cold spots decrease;Government related factors such as scientific research funds,scientific research facilities,wage level,social security,medical treatment and talent policy have a significant role in promoting the number of regional talents,while house prices and environmental factors have no significant relationship.(6)Under the background of the relative scarcity of agricultural science and technology resources,this paper puts forward policy suggestions from five angles: adhering to the new development concept,optimizing the layout of science and technology,strengthening talent cultivation,strengthening government investment and increasing attention,so as to promote the rational layout and efficient utilization of agricultural science and technology resources,support and ensure the improvement of agricultural science and technology independent innovation ability and the development of agricultural modernization.