Study On Sustainable Development Of Ecotourism Industry In Tibetan Plateau Of Western Sichuan

As a special spatial region integrating high-altitude areas,ethnic areas,poor mountainous areas,old revolutionary areas,tourism resource gathering areas and ecologically fragile areas,the major challenge facing Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan is the issue of sustainable development,and how to solve the problem of regional industrial transformation and upgrading has become the core key to the sustainable development of Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan.As part of the southeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains,Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan has obvious differences in topography and geomorphology,complex and diverse climatic conditions,and rich ecosystem types,and is an important water conservation area and national ecological security barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers,as well as a corridor for multi-ethnic cultural exchanges.Whether from the special ecological pattern,territorial security,geopolitics,or from the overall layout of the country,Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan has an extremely important strategic position.However,due to natural conditions,the economic development level is backward,the industrial structure is unreasonable,and the development is extremely uneven.Moreover,from a global perspective,there is no mature experience to be drawn from in order to transform and upgrade the economic and social development of Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,where the average altitude exceeds 4,000 metres.At present,under the realistic demand of promoting the rural revitalization strategy and seeking to break the industrial development dilemma,it is of great significance to conduct a study on sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan.From a comprehensive view of ecotourism industry research results at home and abroad,previous researchers have made many achievements in the basic theory of ecotourism industry,resource evaluation and development,ecotourism industry systems,community participation,poverty alleviation effect and sustainable development from different disciplinary backgrounds and research perspectives.However,there is not much literature on the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,and the research lacks comprehensiveness,scientificity and systematization.The evaluation system for the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in the Tibetan Plateau urgently needs to be constructed,and the theoretical framework system of ecotourism industry in the high-mountain-and-gorge region of the plateau promptly demands to be established.Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan is rich in natural and humanistic landscape resources,but it is a restricted and prohibited development zone,and the ecological environment is extremely fragile,so it is difficult to solve the problem of sustainable development by the traditional industrialisation path.Therefore,to protect the ecological environment and rely on ecological resources to develop ecological economy has become the best choice,and ecological tourism is the specific embodiment and the best way to develop ecological economy in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan.Modern ecotourism industry emphasises the four major functions of tourism,conservation,education and the promotion of coordinated community development,and advocates the "Five Views" of conscious responsibility,dynamic systems,sustainable tourism,regional development and ecological civilisation.Its development philosophy is in line with the development aspirations and regional characteristics of the Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,i.e.,to realise the "transformation of shake-off-poverty" and sustainable development of the Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan on the premise of maximising the advantages of resources without destroying the natural ecological environment,changing the urban and rural structure or destroying the original ecological ethnic culture.In view of this,this paper,based on the actual situation in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,and on the basis of a large number of previous research results,firstly,compares and summarises the current situation of ecotourism industry theory research at home and abroad and in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,and establishes the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan and its poverty alleviation coupling relationship,taking into account the actual situation in the study area.Secondly,it deep analysises on the development conditions and influencing factors of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,the existing problems and causes,and presents a typological classification and quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the main ecotourism industry resources.Thirdly,based on relevant theories such as sustainable development,screening evaluation indicators and applying methodological techniques such as hierarchical analysis,an evaluation system model for the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan was constructed and evaluated in time and space.Fourthly,through empirical studies of the Ganzi cases,the current situation and challenges faced by ecotourism industry development in Ganzi are analysed,and a model for the development of tourism resources,development ideas and evaluations of poverty alleviation effect for the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Ganzi are proposed.Finally,the strategic objectives,general ideas,development principles and industrial models for the development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan are tentatively proposed in conjunction with the research results,and on this basis,an institutional guarantee system for the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan are constructed,etc.The study concludes that the factors influencing the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan are mainly natural conditions,social development,the economic environment and the level of science and technology.The challenges faced are mainly the specificity of the geographical environment,the fragility of the ecological environment,the complexity of the society,the poor foundation of economic development,as well as the lagging development concept,the lack of professional talents and the low level of management.The development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan is at a "period of significant opportunity",with "enormous potential for development".Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan should focus on the strategic goal of "building the world's best ecological tourism destination",cultivate tourism as a strategic and advantageous characteristic industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,give full play to the advantages and guiding role of tourism in industrial upgrading,structural transformation,and rural revitalisation in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan,and implement the industry model of "ecotourism scenic spot driven development,'ecotourism +' linkage development,OECD pull development,ethnic characteristics village driven development".On this basis,a theoretical framework for the sustainable development of ecotourism industry in Tibetan Plateau of Western Sichuan is constructed,and institutional mechanisms such as macro-regulation,management system,operation mechanism,regional cooperation,environmental supervision,safety guarantee and community participation,as well as a guarantee system of policies and systems,financial investment and scientific and technological talents are proposed,and finally corresponding countermeasures are suggested.