| The Chinese economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development."Ecological priority and green development" has risen to a national strategy and will become the main method and driving force for achieving high-quality development of China’s economy for a long period of time.The tourism industry is not only a strategic pillar industry of the national economy,but also an important carrier for practicing the "Two Mountains Theory" and meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life.In recent years,the scale of China ’s tourism economy has continued to expand and its position in the national economy has continued to increase.Data from the National Tourism Administration shows that the comprehensive contribution rate of tourism to the national economy and employment has exceeded 10%.The comprehensive driving force of the tourism industry is obvious,and the status of strategic pillar industries is becoming more and more prominent.The development of China’s tourism industry in the context of ecological civilization construction and green development era clearly has a special meaning and mission: Can tourism effectively promote China’s green development? For a long time,in response to this problem,existing studies have mostly stayed at the level of whether tourism development itself is green.Research on tourism undesirable output,including tourism carbon emissions,and research on tourism ecoenvironmental effects based on micro-destination field surveys have laid a solid foundation and empirical evidence for rationally understanding the green nature of tourism.However,the above study ignores the more macroscopic research perspective of whether tourism development can promote overall green development in the region.The tourism industry has a good comprehensive drive,as well as industrial integration and demonstration.Examining this proposition will promote our rational understanding of the green spillover effect of the tourism industry,and will also realize the necessary echo of China’s tourism development and the national strategy of "ecological priority,green development".This research is of great significance to the improvement of green development theory and the exploration of China’s green development path.Aiming at the core proposition of the green development effect of China’s tourism industry,this study includes three research stages: mechanism,facts and characteristics.By comprehensively sorting out and commenting on the research achievements in the green development effect of the tourism industry,regional green development measurement and other fields,we will innovate and improve the topics,perspectives and data.In particular: first,through literature measurement research,it is determined to use green total factor productivity as an indicator to measure the level of regional green development.Secondly,based on multisource data including remote sensing images(PM2.5 remote sensing data,DMSP / OLS nighttime lighting data,remote sensing data on China’s land use change and cover)and socioeconomic statistics,construct an urban green total factor productivity measurement index system and use The EBM-Global Malmquist-Luenberger model measures and decomposes the green total factor productivity of 284 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2005 to2016,and analyzes the measurement results in terms of regional differences,time series changes,and spatial agglomeration.Then,theoretically explain the mechanism of the green development effect of China’s tourism industry,and construct a panel data model with tourism as the core explanatory variable and green total factor productivity as the explained variable.On this basis,preliminary estimates that consider heteroscedasticity,sequence correlation,and cross-section correlation are implemented,and then further deal with endogenous issues and implement robustness tests.At the same time,taking green technology efficiency and green technology progress as the explanatory variables respectively,to further identify the path of the tourism industry to promote green total factor productivity.On the basis of confirming the facts of the green development effect of China’s tourism industry,a spatial panel Dubin model was further constructed from a spatial perspective to reveal the spatial spillover characteristics of the green development effect of tourism.Construct a panel smooth transition regression model from a non-linear perspective to investigate the nonlinear characteristics of the green development effect of tourism,and use the panel threshold model to test the robustness.In the context of high-quality tourism development,the research topic will be further expanded to explore the non-linear relationship between tourism development quality and the green development of destination cities.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)For the calculation of urban green total factor productivity:The average annual growth rate of green total factor productivity in cities across the country is 2.688%,the average annual growth rate of green technology efficiency is 0.639%,and the average annual growth rate of green technology progress is 2.037%.The characteristic of "single source" of green total factor productivity growth in Chinese cities is obvious,that is,the source of growth is green technological progress,rather than green technical efficiency.The cities in the central region have all green factor productivity,green technology efficiency,and average annual growth rate of green technology progress ranked behind the eastern and western cities,showing a "central collapse" pattern.However,after 2013,the rate of improvement of green total factor productivity in central cities has increased significantly.The green technology progress rate of change and the green technology efficiency rate of change have an obvious "mutual embedding" feature.(2)Basic analysis of tourism green development effect: The study confirmed that tourism can significantly promote urban green development(promote green total factor productivity).The development of the tourism industry increased by 1%,and the urban green total factor productivity increased by 0.0189%-0.0285%.To overcome endogeneity,the fixed fixed effect of instrumental variables 2SLS estimated the tourism development coefficient of 0.174 and was significant at the level of 0.01,which is much higher than the estimation result without considering endogeneity.This fact has been verified by four robustness tests(surrogate variables that replace core explanatory variables,dynamic panel estimates,lag effects,and elimination of sample outliers).The promotion of green total factor productivity by tourism is achieved through the promotion of green technology efficiency and green technology progress.The green development effect of tourism is characterized by "two-wheel drive",but the fixed effect estimation results show that the promotion of green technology efficiency is the main path.(3)Spatial perspective analysis of green development effect of tourism industry: The promotion effect of the tourism industry on urban green total factor productivity and green technological progress has a positive space spillover feature but is not significant.However,the tourism industry has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on green technology efficiency.Under the economic and geographic distance spatial weighting matrix,the development of local tourism industry increased by 1%,which promoted the increase of green technology efficiency in neighboring cities by 0.0433% and 0.0604%,respectively.After considering the spatial factors,the tourism industry’s green development effect still shows the "two-wheel drive" characteristic of improving green technology efficiency and green technology progress for local tourism destinations,but for neighboring cities,the tourism industry green development effect is shown as promoting The "one-wheel drive" feature of green technology efficiency..(4)Non-linear analysis of green development effect of tourism industry: From the perspective of urban economic heterogeneity,the green development effect of the tourism industry presents a significant smooth transition characteristic,and the economic development level of the tourism destination is the "amplifier" of the green development effect of the tourism industry.With the improvement of the economic development level of destinations,the estimated coefficient of green total factor productivity of tourism industry development increased from 0.0264 to 0.0523,the estimated coefficient of green technical efficiency increased from 0.0150 to 0.0282,and the estimated coefficient of green technological progress increased from 0.0093 to 0.0279,and the significance gradually increased.Corresponding panel threshold model estimation coefficients and significant change trends are consistent with panel smooth regression estimation results,verifying the robustness of the tourism industry’s impact on the smooth transition characteristics of urban green development.(5)Analysis of the impact of tourism industry development quality on urban green development: The fixed-effect model estimate shows that the improvement of tourism development quality has a positive effect on urban green total factor productivity(estimated coefficient 0.0418),green technology efficiency(estimated coefficient 0.0220),and green technology progress(estimated coefficient 0.0198).The panel smooth conversion model estimate shows that as the urban economic development level increases,the positive impact of improving the quality of tourism industry development on green total factor productivity is strengthened,but its smooth conversion mechanism is not significant.The positive effects are strengthened and the smooth transition mechanism is significant.Based on the above conclusions,this study makes the following policy recommendations:(1)Take tourism industry development as an important way to promote urban green development.(2)Strengthen the space spillover mechanism of the tourism industry for regional green development.(3)Promote the development of "urban tourism integration" and fully release the green development effect of the tourism industry.(4)Comprehensively promote the "incremental","quality improvement" of the tourism industry and the development of the destination itself. |
PDF Full Text Request