Research On The Evolution Of Central Cities In Yangtze River Delta Region And The Optimization Of Urban Fuctions In Shanghai

With the issuance of the?Regional Plan of the Yangtze River Delta region?and?The Master Plan of Shanghai(2017-2035)?,the regional development issues of Shanghai and the Yangtze River Delta region has attracted attention once again.Although several plans have systematically elaborated the industrial division of labor in the future Yangtze River Delta region and Shanghai urban region,there are few descriptions of the functional division of labor among cities,especially among the core cities of different urban circles,and how to cooperate and divide labor involves little.This often results in facing new development opportunities and investment tuyere,cities rush,the competition between cities is greater than the division of labor and collaboration.In fact,the functional division between cities is the basis of industrial division.Without a clear understanding of its position in the entire regional urban system,it is difficult to define its own comparative advantages and competitive industries.If the position in the whole regional city system is not clear,it is also difficult to determine its comparative advantage and advantageous industries.Based on the theoretical paradigm of global cities,this paper systematically studied the historical evolution law of the central cities in the Yangtze River Delta,and on this basis,roughly analyzed the functional evolution trend of the cities in the Yangtze River Delta region in the future,and studied the optimization and spatial layout of Shanghai's urban functions.Main research and findings of this paper:1.By analyzing the historical changes of industry,transportation system,trade system and town development in the Yangtze River Delta region,this paper has sorted out that.With the changes of transportation system and trade system,regional central cities have changed and migrated.From the original agricultural economy,relying on inland river shipping system,the development of grain,cotton,silk and other commodity trade and overseas trade,Suzhou and Hangzhou has become the core center.2.Under the background of industrialization development,Shanghai has replaced Suzhou and Hangzhou as the central city.After opening its port,Shanghai quickly replaced the original core of Suzhou and Hangzhou by taking advantage of industrial development.It has ended the history of dual core development in the Yangtze River Delta and become the unique leader and core city in the Yangtze River Basin.As a result,Shanghai has always been the first choice for new industries and enterprises to locate in China,and its urban functions have been continuously concentrated.Shanghai has become the manufacturing center,trade center,financial center,economic center,cultural center,transportation and information hub of the Yangtze River Delta and even China.Until now,it has taken "excellent global city" as the overall goal of urban development.3.Under the background of the rise of the global city,Shanghai's position will not weaken.Global cities focus on the flow and connectivity of cities,not just the energy levels of industries.This means that,although the Suzhou GDP surpassed the Shanghai,Shenzhen GDP surpassed Hong Kong,it cannot replace Shanghai and Hong Kong in terms of functions.Cities like Shanghai and Hong Kong have built extensive,deep and stable global connections with producer services and intermediary institutions.The global city has shifted from the original "central-peripheral" model to the global urban network model.And the focus of the global city has shifted from the "physical center and platform" to the hub of global connection and interaction.Based on this,Shanghai has multi-industry and even urban function transfer and distribution,which will not affect Shanghai's status as a city.Even if Shanghai's GDP is overtaken,it will not be left behind.4.The rise of Global cities in Shanghai and the regional development of mega-cities in the Yangtze River Delta will further promote the functional differentiation among cities.The rise of global cities requires harsh conditions,especially the institutional environment in line with the international standards,the world-class public service level,and even the inclusion and integration of the connotation in the urban cultural genes.These factors far beyond the foundation for the development of the manufacturing conditions.Not all cities can or have the conditions for development.This lays a foundation for the division of labor and evolution of urban functions under the new round of development.At this stage,the division of labor and cooperation between Shanghai and other cities in the Yangtze River Delta will be greater than the competition.5.The new division of labor will promote the new service relationship between Shanghai and other cities.The process of the global urban area of Shanghai and the mega-urban area of the Yangtze River Delta means that the relationship and positioning between Shanghai and other cities in the Yangtze River Delta need to be reshaped.Under the new historical conditions,the transformation from a central city to a global city will transform the relationship between Shanghai and other cities from the original guidance to the future service.The original position and function of Shanghai can be vividly described as "two sectors",both internal and external.Each city in the Yangtze River Delta region and even the whole country forms a one-to-one and radial connection with Shanghai,while Shanghai forms a radial connection with every city abroad.These two sectors are an accurate description of the status and role of Shanghai as a central city.All cities need to integrate into the global market through Shanghai,and other companies and cities around the world need to use Shanghai to enter the Chinese market.However,with the evolution and development of global urban areas and megacities,the radial connection will gradually evolve into network,and many cities have directly linked to foreign markets and global networks.In the new urban network,the functions and functions of Shanghai are bound to change.From the original leadership type,command type,control type,supporting type of relationship,into mutual dependence,mutual support,mutual promotion of the service type of relationship.To some extent,Shanghai's global urban function is designed to match the industrial development of other cities in the Yangtze River Delta.6.The new division of labor will also promote the optimization of Shanghai's own functions and the rebalancing of its spatial distribution.As functions and industries gather,so does the population.Shanghai's urban population rose from more than 200,000 when it opened its port to over 1 million in 1900 and over 5 million in 1949.Now,Shanghai has nearly 24 million permanent residents.The city has a population of nearly 30 million.It is constantly approaching the limit of Shanghai's urban carrying capacity.Therefore,the optimization and distribution of urban functions has gradually become a major strategy for Shanghai's development.At the same time,with the reduction of transportation and communication costs,the industrial layout is relatively discrete.There is also a growing tendency for urban agglomerations to become more multicentric.There will also be greater impetus for some of Shanghai's urban functions and industries to move outward,while there will also be greater impetus for financial,trade,settlement and other service functions to converge in Shanghai.Moreover,within Shanghai,the division of labor and coordination between the central city and the suburban new town and new town should be further clarified,which make the functions of the whole city more reasonably distributed in the inner space of the city.