Research On The Reform Of China’s Commercial System In A Four-Dimensional Perspective

Deepening the reform of the commercial system is a major decision made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council,and is an important measure to promote the decentralization of government,transform government functions,and stimulate the vitality and creativity of market entities.Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee clearly proposed "promoting the facilitation of business registration",the 19 th National Congress report clearly proposed "deepening the reform of the commercial system",and the 14 th Five-Year Plan and the2035 Visionary Goal proposal clearly proposed The realization of the strategic concept of "building a new development pattern with the domestic circulation as the mainstay and the domestic and international circulation promoting each other" is closely related to the commercial system.For example,in terms of building a new development pattern,deepening the reform of the commercial system and optimizing the business environment can,on the one hand,further remove various institutional and institutional shortcomings that affect the smooth flow of domestic resources and promote the domestic circulation;on the other hand,it can further promote the alignment of domestic commercial activities with international commercial activities,enhance the quality of attracting foreign investment and realize the mutual promotion of the domestic and international circulation.Therefore,it is of great significance to deepen the reform of the commercial system.Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th CPC Central Committee kicked off the reform of the commercial system in 2013,China has gone through eight years of commercial system reform,during which China’s business environment has been continuously optimized,business innovation and enterprise vitality have been continuously stimulated,industrial restructuring and new business development have been effectively promoted,employment has been expanded,and government tax revenue has been increased,with remarkable effects.However,it is undeniable that in this process,many difficult problems affecting the high-quality development of China’s economy have been solved,but also generated and exposed more institutional mechanisms affecting the high-quality development of the economy.Solving these institutional barriers is both an inevitable step for our government to promote high-quality economic development and a positive demand from the majority of market players,so it is imperative to deepen the reform of the commercial system.The theory of institutional change of North,a representative of the new institutionalist school of economics,is a theory about the emergence,growth,maturity and exhaustion of institutions,whose core view is that institutional change is the source of the evolutionary dynamics of economic history.At the same time,the process of institutional change is a process of creating a new system,and the purpose of this system is not to negate or change the old system,but to improve social efficiency and promote social progress.Therefore,an "effective" system change means that a system with higher benefits replaces another system with lower benefits;an "ineffective" system change means that an otherwise effective system is replaced by an ineffective one.The process of commercial system reform is the process of commercial system change,the purpose of which is to adjust the existing commercial system arrangement or structure to make it more in line with the requirements of China’s high-quality economic development.According to North’s view of institutional change theory,the occurrence of institutional change involves at least four aspects: the subject of institutional change,i.e.,which group drives the institutional change;the driving force of institutional change,i.e.,why the institutional change is driven;the way of institutional change,i.e.,how the institutional change is driven;and the evaluation of the efficiency of institutional change,i.e.,how the effect of the institutional change is to be judged.Therefore,to study the theory of institutional change,the system can be analyzed in four dimensions: the subject,the driving force,the way and the efficiency evaluation of institutional change.The analysis of commercial system reform in this article is based on the four dimensions of subjects,dynamics,modes and efficiency evaluation of commercial system change.The article first analyzes and studies the reform of China’s commercial system from these four dimensions,determines that the main body of China’s commercial system reform is the state,the driving force is the development of productivity and changes in other external factors,and the mode is mainly peaceful and improved,and analyzes the results of commercial system reform from macro and micro perspectives,and builds a four-dimensional analytical framework of China’s commercial system reform.Secondly,the many problems currently faced by the reform of China’s commercial system are analyzed in four dimensions: from the viewpoint of the main body,there are problems of inadequate commercial laws,prominent administrative monopolies and insufficient market supervision capacity;from the viewpoint of the motivation,there are problems of the emergence of new types of market monopolies,inefficient market allocation of factor prices and excessive restrictions on market access;from the viewpoint of the mode,there are mainly problems of special From the viewpoint of efficiency evaluation,the main problems are the inherent defects of international commercial evaluation and the lack of commercial evaluation system in China.In view of the above problems,the article proposes countermeasures in four dimensions,namely,subject,motivation,mode and efficiency evaluation,after drawing on the successful experience of foreign commercial systems.In terms of motivation,it proposes to strengthen fair competition to prevent market monopoly,promote reform of the institutional mechanism for market-based allocation and optimize and improve market access conditions and relax access restrictions;in terms of approach,it proposes to promote reform by state power through legislation and deepen reform gradually by taking a point-by-point approach;in terms of efficiency evaluation,it proposes to actively participate in the formulation of international commercial evaluation rules and build a commercial evaluation system with Chinese characteristics.The innovation of the article is mainly reflected in three aspects: first,the analysis of the commercial system reform in this article goes beyond the traditional analysis method of institutional change theory,i.e.,cost-benefit analysis,and constructs a four-dimensional analysis method focusing on subjects,dynamics,modes and efficiency evaluation,which is a bold exploration of methodological innovation.Second,using the theory of institutional change to analyze the transformation from a planned economic system to a market economic system is theoretically more in line with its connotation,while using the theory of institutional change to analyze the commercial system as a specific system in the construction of China’s socialist market economy system is an innovative exploration of the theory.Third,the current research on the commercial system by scholars in China is focused on the field of the commercial registration system,and the research on other areas of the commercial system is obviously insufficient.Based on deepening the research on the reform of the commercial system,this paper is an innovative attempt by conducting certain active exploration of all aspects involved in the reform of the commercial system.