| Since reforming and opening,China's Participation in Global Value Chains(GVCs)has achieved rapid economic growth and moderate industrial upgrading.However,China still has the phenomena of ?low-end high-end industries? and ?low-tech?,and faces the severe challenge of ?two-way extrusion?.Then,with the deepening of the GVCs,does China's participation in GVCs really benefit its industrial upgrading? Answering the questions above is of great theoretical and practical significance for China to achieve industrial upgrading and promote high-quality economic development in the new era.To this end,the paper firstly constructs the theoretical framework of the impact of GVCs on industrial upgrading,and deeply analyzes the mechanism of that.Secondly,the paper empirically analyzes the impact of GVCs on China's industrial upgrading.Thirdly,the paper examines the convergence of coordinated development of China's industrial upgrading path.Finally,the paper empirically studies the impact of GVCs on the coordinated development of China's industrial upgrading path.The results show that:Firstly,the mechanism of GVCs affecting industrial upgrading includes direct mechanism and indirect mechanism.Among them,the direct mechanism is the scale effect,competition effect and industry correlation effect of GVCs to promote industrial upgrading.The low-end locking effect,the threshold effect of technology absorption capacity and extrusion effect of GVCs inhibit industrial upgrading.The indirect mechanism is that GVCs influences industrial upgrading through innovation-driven effect,technological progress effect and human capital accumulation effect.Secondly,GVCs participation has impacted China's industrial upgrading.(1)There has been a trend of evolution from selective industrial policy to functional industrial policy since reforming and opening.The overall development level of process upgrading and product upgrading on China's manufacturing shows an upward trend.(2)The GVCs location index of the medium and low technology manufacturing industry is generally higher than that of the high technology manufacturing industry during the study period.Different from most high-tech manufacturing industries,the GVCs location index of most low-and medium technology manufacturing industries showed an overall upward trend during the study period.(3)Overall,the GVCs location is conducive to the manufacturing process upgrading,but not conducive to the manufacturing product upgrading.From the perspective of periodical impact,the GVCs location has a non-significant impact on manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading after the financial crisis.However,the financial crisis weakened the impact of the GVCs location on manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading.From the perspective of industry heterogeneity,unlike high-tech manufacturing,the GVCs location can significantly affect the process upgrading and product upgrading of medium-low technology manufacturing.From the perspective of governance mode,market and network governance modes are not conducive to the manufacturing process upgrading,while network governance mode is not conducive to the manufacturing product upgrading.(4)The mechanism test shows that the GVCs location promotes manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading through imported intermediate goods.The GVCs location has a negative impact on manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading through the inward foreign direct investment and outward foreign direct investment.The GVCs position has an inhibitory effect on the manufacturing product upgrading through human capital,but it does not have an intermediary effect on the manufacturing process upgrading.Thirdly,the level and convergence of the coordinated development of China's industrial upgrading path show that:(1)Overall,the coordinated development level of China's process upgrading and product upgrading shows an upward trend.From the industry level,that in labor-intensive manufacturing industry,capital-intensive manufacturing industry and technology-intensive manufacturing industry are all on the rise,but there is industry heterogeneity.From the regional level,that in the eastern,central and western regions shows an increasing trend year by year,but there is regional imbalance.(2)During the investigation period,the coordinated development level of process upgrading and product upgrading of the manufacturing industry as a whole,labor-intensive manufacturing industry,capital-intensive manufacturing industry and technology-intensive manufacturing industry can all narrow the gap with its average level in a short term and converge to their respective steady state level to achieve balanced development of the industry.From the perspective of influencing factors,human capital is the primary influencing factor for the convergence of coordinated development level of process upgrading and product upgrading in the China's manufacturing industry,but there is industry heterogeneity.(3)During the investigation period,there is a spatial correlation in the coordinated development level of process upgrading and product upgrading in China.Most provinces are located in type HH and type LL agglomeration areas,while a few provinces are located in type LH and type HL agglomeration areas.From the convergence trend,the coordinated development level of process upgrading and product upgrading in the country,the eastern region,the central region and the western region during the inspection period can all narrow the gap with its average level in a short term and converge to their respective steady state level to achieve regional coordinated development.Compared with the eastern region and the central region,the western region has the fastest convergence rate.From the perspective of influencing factors,human capital is an important influencing factor for the convergence of coordinated development level of China's process upgrading and product upgrading,but there are regional differences.Fourthly,GVCs participation has impacted the coordinated development of China's industrial upgrading path shows that:(1)There is industry heterogeneity in the coordinated development level of process upgrading and product upgrading in the manufacturing industry.According to the development trend,the fast growing manufacturing industry is mainly concentrated in the high-tech manufacturing industry.(2)During the study period,there were differences in the forward and backward GVC participation of Chinese manufacturing industry,and the evolution trend was M-shaped.(3)From the perspective of forward participation,the forward participation,simple forward participation and complex forward participation promoted the coordinated development level of manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading.From the perspective of backward participation,different from simple backward participation,backward participation and complex backward participation promote the coordinated development level of manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading.(4)The impact of GVCs participation on the coordinated development level of manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading is heterogeneous.From the perspective of stage impact,the financial crisis changed and weakened the impact of GVCs participation on the coordinated development of manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading.From the perspective of industry heterogeneity,forward participation,simple forward participation and complex forward participation in GVCs promoted the coordinated development level of high-tech manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading,but had no significant impact on the medium-low technology manufacturing industry.Backward participation and simple backward participation in GVCs promote the coordinated development of medium-low technology manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading,while complex backward participation in GVCs promotes the coordinated development level of high-tech manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading.From the perspective of governance mode,market-oriented governance mode has a significant negative impact on the coordinated development of manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading,while network type and hierarchy type have no significant impact.The innovations in this paper are as follows: Firstly,the paper theoretically analyses the impact mechanism of GVCs participation on industrial upgrading.Existing researches overlook the theoretical framework and mechanism of GVCs participation on industrial upgrading.Therefore,it may not be possible to fully understand the internal links between GVCs and industrial upgrading and lack sufficient theoretical basis for the upgrading of industrial GVCs position and the top-level design towards the middle and high end of GVCs.Based on the theoretical model of endogenous quality determination and endogenous economic growth model,and final product quality and intermediate product technology are integrated into a unified research framework,this paper establishes the theoretical model of impact of GVCs participation on industrial upgrading.It reveals the internal links between GVCs and industrial upgrading.Meanwhile,the paper analyses the mechanism of GVCs participation on industrial upgrading.It finds that the scale effect,competition effect and industrial correlation effect of GVCs promote industrial upgrading.The low-end locking effect,threshold effect and extrusion effect of GVCs inhibit industrial upgrading.GVCs influences industrial upgrading through innovation-driven effect and human capital accumulation effect.It expands the theoretical research on industrial upgrading and lays a theoretical foundation for relevant empirical research.Secondly,the paper investigates the impact of GVCs participation on China's industrial upgrading from the perspective of process.Existing researches only discuss the upgrading of industrial structure,industrial clusters and industrial transformation and overlook the traditional upgrading of industries or sectors has been gradually transformed into the upgrading of process and product under the background of GVCs,which restricts the process of industrial upgrading.The paper investigates the impact of GVCs participation on China's progress upgrading and product upgrading.It is found that the upgrading of GVCs location contributes to the manufacturing process upgrading,but has a significant negative impact on the manufacturing products upgrading.In addition,it can be seen that GVCs have different influences on manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading through innovation-driven effect and human capital accumulation effect through the intermediary effect model.It enriches the research perspective of industrial upgrading,and provides an empirical basis for the formulation of China's industrial upgrading policies under the background of GVCs.Thirdly,the paper examines the impact of GVCs pariticipation on China's industrial upgrading from the perspective of the coordinated development of process upgrading and product upgrading.Existing research examines industrial upgrading from the perspective of products,it neglects the coordinated development relationship between process upgrading and product upgrading,in which process upgrading is the basis of product upgrading,while product upgrading is the ?key node? of GVCs upgrading,which can lead to the biased research conclusion.the paper examines the impact of GVCs pariticipation on the coordinated development of process upgrading and product upgrading.It is found that GVCs forward participation is conducive to the coordinated development of manufacturing process upgrading and product upgrading,but GVCs backward participation of its effects exist differences,which has important reference significance for Chinese manufacturing industry to move up the GVCs.In addition,this paper uses coupling coordination model to evaluate the coordinated development level of process upgrading and product upgrading and investigates the convergence,which enriches the research of industrial upgrading fact measure and provides experience support for promoting the industrial balanced development and regional coordinated development.Meanwhile,traditional factors,institutional factors,international factors and other influencing factors of industrial upgrading are brought into a unified framework to accurately analyze the convergence and influencing factors of process upgrading,product upgrading and coordinated development between them.It is found that traditional factor endowment plays an important role. |
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