| Rural tourism is a kind of tourism activity which takes place in rural areas and meets the leisure and nostalgia needs of urban residents with rural attractions.At this stage,it is the key period for the transformation and upgrading of China’s rural tourism industry.It is of great significance to explore the spatial and temporal evolution law and the formation mechanism of the distribution of rural tourism destinations in Jilin Province for integrating rural tourism resources,improving rural tourism facilities,and revitalizing the old industrial bases in Northeast China,and developing rural strategies.This paper is mainly divided into seven chapters;the specific research content is as follows:The first chapter mainly explains the background of the problem,the purpose and significance of solving the problem,and introduces the research object,main research content,research methods and related literature research progress at home and abroad,and the overall framework of the full text.The second chapter focuses on the definition of the basic concepts,the background of the theoretical basis,the formation and development of the research content and so on.The third chapter summarizes the basic situation of Jilin province,including advantaged environmental conditions,long history,and colorful ethnic characteristics,changing social economy,crisscrossing road traffic,and emerging tourism industry,etc.Based on the three-life theory,the rural tourism resources of Jilin Province are classified,and then indicators are established to measure the rural index of each city and county in Jilin Province.Finally,the rural index situation and cold and hot spot layout of each city and county of Jilin Province are obtained.The fourth chapter selects 200 sample points of rural tourism sites in Jilin Province,and systematically studies the development process and influencing factors of the time scale of the sample rural tourism sites.On the basis of determining the time scale,type classification and spatial scale selection basis of sample points,this paper makes a dynamic analysis of the formation and development process of rural tourist destinations in jilin province,and summarizes their quantitative diachrony,type diachrony,spatial ring characteristics and spatial hot spot characteristics.Then the spatial scale is introduced,and the spatial layout of rural tourist destinations in Jilin province is shown from the perspective of geography by using the closest distance,cui Wang index,geographical concentration index,gini index,nuclear density and other indicators.At the same time,the spatial evolution characteristics of rural tourism development in Jilin province are summarized.The fifth chapter,the influence factors of temporal and spatial evolution of rural tourist destinations in jilin province were analyzed,introduces relevant indicators and analyzes five basic influencing factors and four assisting influencing factors in the spatial pattern of rural tourism destinations in Jilin Province.The sixth chapter takes the theory of actor network as the starting point,integrates the evolution process of Jilin province’s rural tourism destination into it,and constructs the evolution mechanism model of Jilin province’s rural tourism destination.Based on the Internet public opinion as a reference,three empirical cases were selected,namely,She’ai Good Vegetable Farm,Hongqi Korean Folk Custom Village and Yuan Shan Lake agricultural park.Based on the data of discussion,interview and questionnaire survey,the paper finally analyzes the optimized path of layout of various scales of rural tourism sites from the macro,meso and micro perspectives.The seventh chapter briefly summarizes the main conclusions,and looks forward to several important directions of rural tourism development research in the new period,with a view to providing reference for the development of rural tourism macro policy formulation and rural tourism geography micro research deepening.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In the objective analysis of the development of rural tourism destinations in Jilin Province,the types of Jilin province rural tourism resources can be divided into 3 categories,11 sub-types,43 small classes by using the theory of three lives.It is further calculated that the rural index of Jilin Province generally exhibits the characteristics of high in the southeast,low in the northwest,and mediocre in the middle.The overall regional differences are significant,but the local differences are not large.The highest rural level belongs to Wangqing County,and the weakest area is Qian’an County.The level of rural is not high,and the average value of rural index is 0.25.(2)The evolution law of the time scale of rural tourism in Jilin Province.According to the analysis of the sample selected in this paper,the time evolution of rural tourist destinations in Jilin Province is divided into four stages: the primitive stage before 1990;the enlightenment stage from 2000 to 2008;the development stage from 2009 to 2013;and the outbreak stage from 2014 to now.Characteristics of the evolution of rural tourism land types in Jilin Province.In the original stage before 1990,a rural tourist destination involved was a rural ecological environment;in the enlightenment stage from 2000 to 2008,it was 8 rural production resources,11 rural life resources,and 2rural ecological environments.In the development stage of 2009-2013,there are 36 ruralproduction resources,11 rural life resources,and 19 rural ecological environments;from 2014 to the present,25 rural production resources,rural areas 20 of the characteristic resources of life and 67 of the rural ecological environment.(3)Analysis of spatial structure of rural tourism destination in Jilin Province.(1)The spatial distribution of rural tourist destinations in Jilin Province is characterized by zonal agglomeration.(2)The spatial concentration of rural tourism destination in Jilin Province.The agglomeration degree of rural tourist destinations in Liaoyuan City and Song Yuan City is highly concentrated,and the geographical concentration index ranks first and second among the cities and states in Jilin Province;the other seven cities and states are in a decentralized state.(3)The spatial equilibrium degree of rural tourism destination in Jilin Province.The Gini coefficient is used to measure the equilibrium degree of the spatial distribution of rural tourist destinations in Jilin Province and 8 cities and 1 state under its jurisdiction.Finally,it is concluded that the Gini coefficient of Liaoyuan City is still in equilibrium state,and the Gini coefficient of other cities and states is of extremely high level.(4)To calculate discovery Jilin province rural tourism destination space nuclear density,production class rural tourism destination spatial density larger area is located in Tonghua city and Baishan,life class rural tourism destination space density larger area is located in Changchun city and the Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture,ecology class rural tourism destination space density larger area is located in Changchun and Jilin.(5)Based on the center-of-gravity model,it is concluded that the spatial center-of-gravity evolution of rural tourist destinations in jilin province experienced the process of being far away from the geographical center--near the geographical center--far away from the geographical center,and generally showed a southward and eastward trend.(4)The influence factors of the spatial layout of rural tourist destinations in Jilin province are divided into basic influence factors and booster influence factors.From the basic influence factors,it can be concluded that the rural index is weak or medium,low altitude,high water system density,high highway density,and the surrounding conditions of 4a-level and above tourist attractions are more suitable for the formation and development of rural tourist destinations.The high level of the socio-economic development has provided urban residents with objective conditions for rural tourism.The local tourism situation has aroused the enthusiasm of farmers,and the guidance and planning of relevant national and local policies have combined to form the spatial pattern of rural tourism sites in Jilin province.(5)Introduce the theory of actor network to analyze the formation mechanism of rural tourist destinations in Jilin province.The evolution actors of rural tourism sites in Jilin province are identified as: human actors including community residents,local governments and relevant departments,investors,experts and scholars;Non-human actors including geographical environment,supportive policies,main products,planning and development,a total of 8 items.The network public opinion of 200 demonstration sites was taken as the basic consideration,and the average number of comments of each type of rural tourism sites was taken as the empirical sample.Based on the field research,the evolution mechanism of Changchun She’ai Good Vegetable farm,Hongqi Korean Folk Village in Wanbao town,and Yuanshanhu Agricultural Park in Jilin province were analyzed in detail.Finally,three optimized paths are obtained: at the macro level,starting from the government supervision of Jilin province,the government should guide the market to intervene and establish the implementation plan of the spatial layout of rural tourism sites through institutional innovation and informal institutional guidance.In the meso-level,taking Changchun as an example,the city is transformed and upgraded based on the traditional tourism industry,and the core of the tourist source area of the region is determined.Then,fan-shaped radiation is selected to conduct the circle layout from near and far.At the micro level,taking Shuangyang District of Changchun City as an example,surround the initial tourism infrastructure to support the layout of rural tourism destinations,guide urban tourists to tilt their tourism styles to rural tourism,and at the same time transform the layout style to a centralized type. |
