Impact Effect And Mechanism Of Urban Mega-Event On Land Use

Since the1970s, the tide of "globalization" swept across the world. In the globalized development environment, the urban development resources flow quickly between the neighboring cities and the cities with resources endowment advantage gradually lost their competitive edge. Therefore, most cities began to seek marketing-based strategies to achieve their "re-development", while the urban Mega-event became effective strategy tools used by most cities for development in a new era because of their significant acceleration and boosting effect at the aspects of cities’economic transformation and social restructuring, functional upgrading, competitiveness improvement, etc.. Since the reform and opening-up in China, the rapid development of the economy and society has integrated with globalization, marketization, urbanization, and the inter-city development has become more competitive, with an urgent need to implement the transformation of city development. Therefore, more and more emphasis has been put on the Mega-event. The catalytic effect of the Mega-event on city development is closely related to land use. With urban land use change and the deepening of research on its driving forces, the current focus of concern is to take the opportunity of the Mega-event to achieve a win-win effect between city development and land use.In the research studies of the Mega-event, there is little empirical study of the effect the Mega-event has on the urban land use change from the micro perspective, especially on the jurisdiction scale. Therefore, this dissertation, taking the effect of the Mega-event on urban land use change as the object of study, explores such effect and its occurrence mechanism through the combination of theoretical and technical means. In theory and practice, this dissertation proposes a new perspective for the study of urban land use change and its mechanism; and provides a theoretical basis, technical support and policy proposal for cities’ economic transformation, functional upgrading and structural optimization.This dissertation’s main content includes: In chapter I, first of all, the dissertation analyzes the background and significance of this study, clearly points out the important promotion effect of the Mega-event in globalization and the development and transformation of the city, and accordingly proposes questions and specific framework for the study of this dissertation. Then, according to the analysis of the background and significance, this dissertation, taking the effect of the Mega-event on urban land use change as the object of study, discusses the effect measure of the Mega-event on urban land use change, probes into the influential effect of the Mega-event on urban land use change from the " shallow " and " deep " layers, and explores its occurrence mechanism in depth, further optimizing and improving the urban land use.In chapter Ⅱ, this dissertation reveals the inadequacies found in empirical study of the effect the Mega-event has on the urban land use through making a comment on related domestic and foreign studies. Urban land use change and the study of its driving forces have always been the study focus of the land use/land cover change, but in the new phase of urban development, a breakthrough and an innovation should be made for study perspectives and methods. Through combing and summarizing the existing research, this dissertation constructs a "two circles, two dimensions" analysis mode around the theme of impact effects of urban mega-event on land use.In chapter Ⅲ, firstly, the dissertation analyzes the positive and negative effects of four aspects the World Expo has on economic growth, government management, social culture and ecological environment in urban development, and clearly points out that the most direct change brought by these effects stems from urban land use change. Secondly, the dissertation analyzes the boosting effect of the historical Mega-events such as Port opening, Taiping Rebellion, Setting up of Shanghai as a special city and the development of Pudong on Shanghai development. Finally, the dissertation analyzes the typical case of this study:an overview of Shanghai2010World Expo and its comprehensive effect on the city, including the structure and pattern changes of land use, urban spatial structure adjustment and shape extension as well as urban economic scale expansion and population distribution change. In chapter IV, the dissertation gives a quantitative analysis of the quantity, structure and spatial distribution characteristics of land use change in the direct circle of influence (the Expo site) by adopting the methods of land use transfer matrix and landscape pattern index analysis. The results show that that rapid replacement exists in industrial, warehousing, and residential land use, especially a large amount of industrial, warehouse land turns to urban green space, commercial, business and cultural sites; spatial heterogeneity of land use and the balance degree increase, land shape is more regular, and the degree of agglomeration increases significantly.In chapter V, the dissertation, taking key land type-industrial land as an object, gives an analysis of the spatial pattern change of industrial land and its driving force in the indirect circle of influence (the central urban area), using the landscape index method and Logistic regression model. The results show that the change of industrial land use in the central area is characterized by gradual declining after slow growth, outward migration, and multi-core agglomeration. The driving mechanism for the industrial land change includes the differential rent, transportation, agglomeration benefits and policy planning and other factors.In chapter VI, the dissertation, based on the analysis of urban expansion and land use structure, analyzes the economic and environment effect of the World Expo on urban land use change, using the method of the coefficient of variation, Theil index and environmental Kuznets curve. The results show that during the Expo, the site location and construction, infrastructure construction, the boosting of population, industrial suburbanization and industrial upgrading, and strengthened environmental protection, all above affect the urban spatial structure of Shanghai; the gap between per capita economic differences in the county and regional per capita economic differences significantly widens, and presents different regularities accompanied by the differences among the restructuring degree and ways of the district and county land.In Chapter VII, the dissertation probes into the mechanism of the World Expo’s effect on Shanghai land use change from the perspective of political sociology. The study shows that political power, capital power, and social public governance capabilities constitute the main force of urban evolution, and their resultant force results in the Mega-event’ effect on land use. The effect of Shanghai World Expo on conflicts of interest and game of land use are directly reflected on all parties’ cooperation with each other in the political appeals for "Nationwide System" and land use change in the Expo site. Under the premise that the nationwide system ensures that "back wall does not fall", a non-zero-sum game of all parties’ interest is achieved by the city government coordination, planning concessions, rational cooperation between community institutions and residents.In chapter Ⅷ, the dissertation puts forward policy implications of the Mega-event for the urban land use management. The study shows that when a city takes the Mega-event as strategic measures, it should take the appropriate land use strategies to correspond with them before, during and after such events. Before the events, the city should conduct scientific assessments, set clear objectives, and give a reasonable localization, especially matching the localization of the Mega-event with urban development; during the events, the city should mainly implement planning adjustment due to the events, and it can change the "massive demolition and construction" idea but develop "2.5industry" to promote the structural adjustment of land use change in the urban center; after the events, the city should break the economic dilemma, and seek a new path to cultural and ecological function transformation.