Measurements Of Polar Small-size Target And Ionosphere Parameter With Ground-based Radar

This dissertation report that small-size target could be observated using theEurope Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) Radar. On the basis of theoretical studysmall-size target and ionosphere parameter obersations with ground-based radar, tothis goal as a starting point, a special observation model for the small-size target wasdeveloped to measure small-size target. Recorded raw sample data after A/D Converterused the standard EISACT radar receiver, confirm that ionosphere observation raw datacould provide small-size target parameter. A thorough search of the relevant literaturereveals that existing incoherent scatter ionospheric radar can be used to detect andcharacterize small-size target. However, there are many difficulties and issues unsolvedin probabilistic solution for the small-size target parameters from ionosphericobservation data. Consequently, this dissertation focuses on normal ionosphericexperiments,especially on UHF radar and the mathematic method in small-size targetobservation signal processing with ground-based radar. Because of the developmentof human space activity, the increasing small-size target has become one of hot topicsin radar techniques and is in urgent need of further study. As basis, a brief review isgiven on the incoherent scatter radar hardware and the standard EISCAT ionosphericradar experiment model. The main topics and results are as follows, First, a new observation model for the small-size target was developed to measurewith ionosphere experiment pattern. The result of the experiment confirm thationosphere observation raw data could provide small-size target parameter withEISCAT-UHF radar. This paper report small-size target results from the standard ionospheric radarexperiment conducted with the EISCAT UHF radars. A new observation model for thesmall-size target was developed to measure. Recorded raw sample data used thestandard EISACT radar receiver after A/D device based on the conventional ionosphericspectra obtained by EISCAT radar in many experiment and the ultimate principle ofsmall-size target and ionospheric observation. Analyze the small-size target raw datafrom EISCAT radar,compared the target information at10:31:05am March252010with the theory forecast small-size target model of National AstronomicalObservatories Chinese Academy of Sciences?authenticated that target is discardcommunications satellite named OSCAR3of United States, international designatoris1965-065F.To confirm atmospheric and small-size target measurements toproceed simultaneously, we had also got the electron temperature? electron density?ion temperature? ion excursion speed by analysing the raw data using theconventional ionospheric spectra program. The result of the present work confirm that ionosphere observation raw data could provide small-size target parameter andshowed that the new observation model for the small-size target with ionosphericobservation model is feasible. Second, the result of the experiment confirm that the precision of inherencytime-frequency system is deficient and as small-size target detection with UHF radarionospheric experiment pattern. In order to better ascertain the height information of thesmall-size target, more accurate time-frequency system should be used. Because of the inherent characteristics of the probe target, ionospheric andsmall-size target, combined with the theory of EISCAT radar, in order to extract twodifferent target parameters from the original data using different signal theoreticalanalysis the raw data. The analysis results show that, 1) According to the small-size target detection with the EISCAT radar equipment, andthe theory of matched filtering equation, dual and single frequency the radar matchedfiltering theory has a similar nature, with transmitter frequency differential300KHz onMarch25,2010experiment with EISCAT-UHF radar, which had gived the the distancedimension regular surface-emitting envelope, that is autocorrelation function the slowresonance change and distance dimension oscillation Fuzzy is500m. there are dual bandantenna gain and distance of resonance due to the minor differences exist frequency, sothe presence of RCS jump with the the radar equation solution, the target RCS of1000km height as an example, the results show that the RCS size error caused by thefrequency and distance resonance with EISCAT UHF radar under ionospheric modelcan be ignored. 2)pointed out that the frequency source GPS and transmitter dual-frequency operationmode as ionospheric experimental model with EISCAT UHF radar system, which isused to the atmospheric inherent characteristics parameters detection, and which isdeficient as small-size target detection. 3) pointed out that500meters from the resonant fuzzy caused by the existence ofdual-frequency is much smaller than the effective distance of the experimentalresolution1.8km. In order to better ascertain the height information of the small-sizetarget, more accurate distance resolution encoding or modulation should be used. Third,the monostatic radar observation the small-size target withsimultaneously-probely bistatic radar using the same standard ionospheric radarexperiment model, composed of a three-station system. For the purpose of analysisdiscrepancy of tristatic RCS, taking observation the amateur communications satellitewith international logo for1965-016F, named OSCAR3as an example. Analysis of thesmall-size target RCS diversity using the location of a small-size target in radarbeam.The geographical configuration of the three receivers has been exploited such thatthe common volume of the antenna beams was simultaneously viewed from disparate angles,offering a unique possibility to compare the monostatic RCS of the small-sizetarget. And the analysis results showed that the superiority in tristatic observation ofsmall-size target RCS is to reduce the uncertainty of the target position to the receivebeam center, and the peak SNR RCS target is proximal to the center of the antennabeam received.But can not be reduced to the target in the radar the transmitter antennabeam position deviation uncertainty.It is found that the actual position of the target withrespect to the radar sum beam center is a major unsolved problem. Taking observation satellite named OSCAR3traversing the Troms radar inNoway as an example, the revised RCS from double-ways theoretical antenna idealpattern at off-axis distance0.520according to the forecast small-size target model ofNational Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences and the theoreticalantenna pattern. Which have resulted in the radar received signal energy about22dB ofloss. The revised RCS have only3dB difference than U.S. Space Surveillance Network. The EISCAT radar is notable for being the only radar system producing truevelocity tristatic ionospheric measurement.which have powerful transmitter power andsensitivity of the reception terminal device, so a better signal-to-noise ratio can beobtained and the the fast-changing characteristics of objectives can be research in thecase of a very short integration time. The accurate radar spectrum or autocorrelationfunction can be obtained under the fixed antenna beam with multi-band andmulti-station radar, the higher time resolution and distance resolution can be obtainedwith a variety of experimental models. Because of incoherent scatter radar have suchexcellent features, it has the potential ability to small-size target research. Small-size target is posing an increasing threat to all manned spacecraft and thereliable use of space-based services is continued. The small-size target had got thegrowing concern. And the necessity and urgency of the small-size target researchwith incoherent scatter radar is very explicit. The result of the present work confirm thationosphere observation raw data could provide small-size target parameter andprovide the practical engineered method of the small-size target observation usingincoherent scatter radar.