Research On The Economic Value And Pricing Of The Spectrum Resource

With the rapid development and advancement of spectrum technology, as well as the establishment and development of ubiquitous networks such as the internet of things, the application of spectrum has run through almost all areas of our society, therefore, the demands of spectrum are growing increasingly. Spectrum resource, as a scarce, non-renewable and non-exhausted public resource, how to understand the economic attributes and great economic value of it, and develop a reasonable pricing mechanism, thereby achieve its great economic value and maximize its efficiency, have been focuses of current scholars, governments and researchers.In this paper, various economic theories and models are employed, through the combination of theory and practice research, the complementation of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and synchronous employments of induction and deduction methods, summarizes previous research methods and results of economic value and pricing of spectrum. Starting from the essential features of spectrum, this paper analyzes the economic attributes of spectrum and the formation process of its value, makes further theoretical study on the reflect mode of spectrum value and spectrum pricing methods which reflecting spectrum value, and finally establishes a research system of spectrum value and price.In the first part of this paper, propagation characteristics of spectrum are summarized from 2 perspectives, that is, the physical attributes of the electromagnetic spectrum and the definition of spectrum. According to the application of physical characteristics of different spectrum resources, application characteristics of spectrum are divided. Starting from economic principles, many economic attributes, such as scarcity, publicity, externality, are analyzed respectively. Physical characteristic are the base to judge the availability of resources and how to use it, whereas economic attributes explain that the application process of spectrum is the process of value creation, therefore, the usage and acquisition of resources should consist with the economic laws.In the second part of this paper, taking the spectrum resources as the research object, according to the publicity of spectrum and its characteristics of susceptible to interference with each other,'tragedy of the commons'model of spectrum is established, thus proves the consistency existed between individual decision-making and overall optimal decision-making when spectrum can be used freely, and get the conclusion that'tragedy of the commons'is nevertheless inevitable. Therefore, to study the economic value and pricing method is necessary, and is typical economic problems about the allocation of scarce resources.The third part of this paper studies the economic value of spectrum resource. Based on the resource value theories, through the comparison of various evaluation methods of resource value, considering the characteristics of spectrum and wireless technology industry, using the research ideas of degree of specialization in the ultra-marginal analysis for reference, a model of spectrum and wireless technology production system is established, through which spectrum use degree and economic benefits of the wireless technology production systems with difference dependence degree on spectrum are compared, thus performance of economic value of spectrum and evaluation method of wireless technology development and investment are obtained.The fourth part of this paper mainly studies the pricing methods of spectrum. Based on the previous conclusions, this paper believes that due to the diversity of spectrum usage and the universality of wireless technology involvement, differential pricing system should be established, and researches the macro adjusting pricing method and auction pricing method under market mechanism respectively.The fifth part of this paper makes a predictive research about the future 4G spectrum's allocation and pricing in our country. Based on these theoretical research results, the bandwidth allocation should be decided by engineering level and the price should be made through the spectrum actions.Finally, all of the research results of this paper, economic value and pricing system of spectrum are summarized, based on which practice recommendations for china's future spectrum management mechanism are presented to strengthen the perceived degree of the value of spectrum, improve the pricing system of China's spectrum pricing system. To promote the efficient use of scarce resource is the future goal of the spectrum management. Further study directions are pointed out at the end of this paper as well.