| Secondary vocational education is an important component of popularizing high school education.It is of great significance to China’s implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents.It is also an important way for socialism with Chinese characteristics to enter a new stage,and for the adjustment of economic structure and social transformation.It plays an important role in the battle against poverty.Yunnan Province is a strategic border province,integrating the complex problems of the old,the young,the border and the poor,with a weak talent reserve and limited educational resources,being one of the poorest regions in China.Among them,the problem of poverty caused by "intelligence" and "technology" is the most serious.Moreover,the unbalanced distribution of educational resources among regions has become an obstacle to the coordinated development of regional economy and the removal of poverty.The relationship between vocational education and economic growth and poverty alleviation has been widely studied by scholars at home and abroad.These beneficial explorations have laid a good theoretical foundation for poverty alleviation through vocational education.However,previous studies usually only study the relationship between vocational education and economic growth,the relationship between vocational education and poverty alleviation,and the relationship between economic growth and poverty alleviation,ignoring the direct and indirect relationship between vocational education and economic growth and poverty alleviation,and ignoring the spatial dependence of poverty and vocational education resources.At present,it is the decisive year for our country to fight against poverty.However,our struggle against poverty will not stop in the future.Secondary vocational education is an important part of poverty alleviation through vocational education.We can more calmly allocate the types,quantity and structure of various educational resources by understanding the contribution ability and mode of action of secondary vocational education in regional poverty alleviation,thus laying a solid foundation for consolidating the poverty rate in the future.This paper constructs an index system of secondary vocational education resource allocation efficiency by principal component analysis,measures the spatial allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education resources in 16 states and cities in Yunnan Province and 35 districts and counties in western Yunnan Province in 2019 by using DEA method,CCR model,BCC model and super-efficiency model,and analyzes the poverty level in Yunnan Province by adopting FGT.Moreover,this paper analyzes the spatial correlation between the allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education resources and the incidence of regional poverty at two spatial levels in Yunnan Province,and then constructs a spatial regression model to measure the direct and indirect effects of the spatial allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education resources on the incidence of regional poverty.The study found that:(1)the comprehensive efficiency of secondary vocational education resource allocation in the province has not reached the state of effective allocation.In terms of spatial distribution,at the level of cities and municipalities,the allocation of secondary vocational education resources in Yunnan Province is divided into two,with obvious differences in the allocation efficiency of educational resources,and a distribution pattern of “excellent in the east and poor in the west” is formed.(2)At the level of districts and counties,the majority of districts and counties have only one secondary vocational school,and all secondary vocational education schools have the problem of inappropriate development scale.The allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education resources varies greatly both within and between districts and counties,and their ability to influence the reduction of regional poverty levels is limited;therefore,it is not appropriate to explore the impact of the allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education resources on poverty reduction at the district and county levels.(3)There is a significant positive spatial correlation between the resource allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education in the 16 cities and municipalities of Yunnan Province.In the distribution of local correlation,the east and northeast belong to the efficient agglomeration area,while the west and northwest belong to the inefficient agglomeration area.(4)There is a significant negative spatial correlation in the incidence of poverty in Yunnan Province.From the local correlation,the vast majority of cities and municipalities belong to the low-high aggregation.(5)At the cities and municipalities level,the spatial allocation efficiency of secondary vocational education resources has a significant and direct negative effect on the regional poverty incidence.For every 1% increase in the spatial allocation efficiency of the resources of secondary vocational education,the regional poverty incidence can be reduced by 0.0249%.That is,high concentration areas with the efficient allocation of secondary vocational education resources.Meanwhile,it is easy for secondary vocational education resources to spill over,which not only reduces the local poverty rate but also leads to poverty reduction in the surrounding poor areas.(6)At the city and municipal levels,the regional disposable income per capita of rural permanent residents has a significant negative effect on the regional poverty incidence.The Gini Coefficient of regional education has a significant positive effect on the incidence of poverty,while the regional GDP per capita does not have a major effect on the incidence of regional poverty.In particular,for every 1% increase in regional disposable income per capita for rural permanent residents,the regional poverty incidence can be reduced by 0.1104%.For every 1 percent decrease in the regional Gini Coefficient for education,the regional poverty incidence can be reduced by 0.0235 percent.In other words,an increase in the stock of human capital can effectively reduce the incidence rate of regional poverty.The higher the level of balanced development of regional education,the more likely it is to contribute to the reduction of the regional poverty incidence.(7)The resource allocation efficiency of regional secondary vocational education has a significant positive impact on the per capita disposable income of rural permanent residents and regional per capita GDP.For each 1% increase in the resource allocation efficiency of regional secondary vocational education,the per capita disposable income of rural permanent residents in the region will increase by 0.212%.For each 1% increase in the resource allocation efficiency of regional secondary vocational education,the regional per capita GDP will increase by 1.601%.This is to say,the resource allocation efficiency of regional secondary vocational education can promote regional economic development by raising the local human capital stock and local production value.(8)Enhancing the efficiency of regional secondary vocational education resource allocation can indirectly achieve the purpose of reducing regional poverty incidence by promoting the increase of regional human capital stock.(9)The ability to improve the efficiency of spatial allocation of resources for secondary vocational education to reduce the incidence rate of regional poverty is limited,and localities need to moderate the scale of development of secondary vocational education and carefully assess the level of investment of the required resources.Finally,on the basis of the empirical results,this paper puts forward three principles and two guarantee mechanisms that need to be adhered to in the spatial allocation of secondary vocational education resources to alleviate poverty.According to the regions with different poverty levels,the specific poverty alleviation plan for the spatial allocation of secondary vocational education resources is given.At the same time,three policy recommendations are proposed,including establishing a transregional regulation mechanism for the allocation of secondary vocational education resources within the province,implementing the allocation strategy of secondary vocational education resources in different districts and establishing regional secondary vocational education resource sharing platforms. |
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