A Study On The Effectiveness Of Physical Education Teaching In Tibetan Middle Schools

Physical Education(PE)in middle schools on the Tibetan Plateau plays a vital role in training future talents.Truly,PEtells not only the physical condition of middle school students and their core competence in the subject,but also how fast the area is reaching up for its modernization of education.The PE project in Tibet,however,does not work well as expected and demands changes in how it is carried out and evaluated,taking into account the geography and anoxic atmosphere of the plateau as well as poorly educated staff with outdated teaching ideas and methods there.In particular,the effectiveness of the project that has not gained much attention yet calls for more studies in both theory and practice,which relates to whether comprehensive education goals for middle school students in Tibet at large can be achieved.Such a background lends itself to this study that,using bothquantitative and qualitative research methodologies,makes a survey on how PE is being conducted in Tibet,followed by a close analysis of why some problems have come into being,based on which a system for measuring effectivenessindexes of PE in middle schools on the plateau is developed accordingly to offer possible ways and strategies to improve PE effectiveness there.A literature review was also done prior to data collection from questionnairesand interviews,accompanied by Delphi Methodand classroom observation.The outline of the paper is as follows:First of all,this study argues that the effectiveness of PE inTibetanmiddle schoolstheoretically lies in Effective Teaching andSports Geography.On this basis,"four levels and five elements" are put forward.While the "four levels" refer to the effectiveness on the four levels:teachers,students,environment and teaching,the "five elements" contain time arrangement,goal setting,content organization,process activities as well asassessmentand feedback.The levels and elements which are promoted in turn constitute the frameworkfor the analysis of PE effectiveness.Secondly,this study reports on a variety of roles that may influence PE effectiveness in Tibetan middle schools,including the students,teachers,teaching and physical geography.As for the students,their physical characteristics,sports ability,and physiological and psychological differences are taken into consideration;For the teachers,their education background,teaching ability and empathy ability matter,in addition to their sense of the discipline and region as well as how they want their students to feel about the class;For the teaching itself,factors like teaching objectives,content,forms,methods,evaluation and arrangement are considered;High altitude,low oxygen,low temperature and strong ultraviolet radiation are what characterizes Tibet geographically.Thirdly,through a literature review and interviews with more than 50 professionals including academic scholars and PE teachers,this study proposes a system for measuring effectiveness indexesthat means much to the effective trace of how PE is going on in Tibetan middle schools.The system covers 5 first-level indexes,17 second-level indexes,and 46 third-level indexes.Finally,this study puts forward some strategies specially to enhance PE effectiveness in Tibetan middle schools:train PE teachers so that they are more qualified,better manage themand enhance their teaching competency,updatewhat is to be taught in PE classes and establish a scheme of teaching content accordingly,provide a scheme that makes sense to improve the way teaching activities are organized and managed,and keep track ofPE quality so that it can beguaranteed systematically.