Research On Clan Network, Social Responsibility And Enterprise Competitiveness

Since the reform and opening up,China’s private enterprises,especially the rural entrepreneurial enterprises,have achieved leapfrog development from nothing to something,from weak to strong,and have written a series of masterpieces.Enterprise’s value creation,cannot leave its governance system support,and for a long time,the vast majority of Chinese private enterprises is composed of farmer entrepreneurs,belongs to the clan’s work mode,that is to say,the core members of the clan control enterprise development strategy,formed by the spirit of blood relationship as the link and material resources allocation,gradually developed into a series of unique management mode is different from the western companies.Existing literature mainly explores the development of private enterprises from the perspective of formal institutions(Khan,2004;Carney,2010;Chen ling and wang hao,2013).In fact,the analysis of the development of private enterprises in China is inseparable from the traditional Chinese culture.Since ancient times,Chinese people have attached great importance to kinship(Hsu,1963).Relying on clan network,they have evolved a series of informal systems,including living customs,social culture and behavioral norms(Peng,2004),which constitute an important part of clan network characteristics.The network characteristics of clans are passed down from generation to generation along with the continuation of blood relationship(Zhang,2017),which influences the values and behavioral decisions of entrepreneurs,and then exerts a subtle influence on the history and economic development course of China(Greif and Tabellini,2010;Zhang,2017).Up to now,the career choice,venture financing,income distribution,public goods investment,election and voting of migrant workers are still influenced by the clan(guo yunan and yao Yang,2013;Lin jian-hao et al.,2016;Xu and Yao,2014;Su et al.,2011).Chinese people may have created today’s distinctive enterprises by virtue of their excellent traditional culture and feelings of home and country,which makes China’s economy continuously full of vigor and vitality and occupies an extremely important position on the world stage.However,it is a pity that clan network,an important inheritance factor,has not been widely concerned and systematically discussed.The concept of sustainable development has become the consensus in today’s world.The fulfillment of corporate social responsibility can not only obtain the survival legitimacy,improve the competitiveness of enterprises,but also the inevitable strategic choice for their development and growth.However,in reality,enterprises’ disregard of social responsibility or blind investment is not conducive to the development of enterprises and society.Therefore,it is of great significance to discuss the influencing factors and results of CSR.Based on corporate social responsibility and to explore the influential factors of mainly concentrated in the economic system of incentives,incentives and altruism psychological effect in three aspects,or simply divided into economic and political factors,lack of clan network by discussing the factors about the study of relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate competitiveness is divided,and the existing research lack of systematic analysis of the system environment of the enterprise,especially in areas where the external system environment,the internal enterprise itself system environment and entrepreneur personal traits,etc.,will be to big or small impact on enterprise strategic choice.In China’s institutional environment to be improved,the development of enterprises is still inseparable from the "relationship",then,as an important part of the relationship,clan network on the implementation of corporate social responsibility what impact does it have? If so,further analysis of clan network on the impact of corporate social responsibility,by what situational factors? Do different characteristics of clan network have different impacts on CSR? Relying on clan network to explore the impact of corporate social responsibility on enterprise competitiveness? Focusing on the above problems,this paper takes the survey data of thousands of villages of Shanghai university of finance and economics as the research sample to carry out the research.Firstly,from the perspective of clan network,this paper explores the influence of clan network on CSR,and then,based on the new system theory,studies the influence mechanism of moderating variables at different levels on the relationship between clan network and CSR.Secondly,this paper examines the impact of different clan network characteristics on CSR from the aspects of clan network size,clan network strength,clan network imprint and clan network culture.Finally,this paper investigates the mediating effect of CSR,that is,the transmission mechanism of clan network to corporate competitiveness through CSR.The following findings were made:First,clan network has a significant role in promoting CSR.And with the improvement of the marketization degree in the region where the enterprise is located,the promotion effect will be greater;In regions with strong religious atmosphere,clan network plays a stronger role in promoting enterprises to fulfill their social responsibilities.From the perspective of enterprises,we find that brand awareness can strengthen the positive impact of clan network on enterprises’ social responsibility.The difference of business performance will weaken the positive influence of clan network on the fulfillment of social responsibility.In terms of the characteristics of entrepreneurs,we found that the political connection,previous experience and positive personality of entrepreneurs all strengthened the positive influence of clan network on the fulfillment of social responsibility of enterprises.Second,focusing on the characteristics of clan network,it is found that clan network scale significantly inhibits the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility.Clan network strength significantly promotes the fulfillment of CSR.By further reasoning and verification by samples,we found that clan network poverty imprint significantly promoted the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility,and compared with weak clan network culture,strong clan network culture was more conducive to the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility.Third,clan network is not only conducive to the fulfillment of corporate social responsibility,but also to the promotion of corporate competitiveness,and corporate social responsibility plays a part in the intermediary between clan network and corporate competitiveness.Compared with previous researches,the contribution of this paper is as follows:First,this paper enriches the research content of social capital theory.In recent years,a series of literatures have emerged to study the influence of entrepreneur capital on enterprise behavior.Entrepreneur capital is an important factor in determining their psychology and decision-making,but most of the literature is analyzed from the perspective of the national background and formal system of entrepreneurs(Elenkov et al.,2005;Dickson et al.,2012)ignored the influence of informal institutions,especially clan networks.And the existing literature is mostly based on the resource-based theory to discuss the problem of enterprise governance.Based on social capital theory,social emotional wealth theory,stakeholder theory,and new system theory,it is rare to study clan network in detail on corporate governance.So this article is based on the special scene,using the data from the entrepreneur clan to measure the effect on entrepreneurial decision clan network,studies its influence on corporate social responsibility,the empirical test of China’s private enterprises social responsibility form the foundation of families,to understand the Chinese private enterprise management and development provides new empirical evidence.Second,this paper details the relationship between clan network and CSR in Chinese context.At present,scholars have mainly analyzed the differences of clan networks in different regions,but few scholars have discussed the impact of clan networks on corporate social responsibility and corporate competitiveness from the perspective of clan networks.This article,based on the related research achievements of clan and corporate governance,mainly from the regional differences(religious atmosphere,market development degree),the difference of enterprise(brand awareness,business performance),the entrepreneur qualities(positive character,political association,previous experience)in three aspects,the detailed explanation of the theory of new institutional norms,rules and regulations,the cognitive dimension of clan network and the regulation of relationships between corporate social responsibility,in order to interpret China’s situation of clan network in detail and the regulation of relationships between corporate social responsibility,so as to further refine clan network effect research of corporate social responsibility.Thirdly,this paper extends the research of clan network and corporate governance.Clan network is an important part of social network.Scholars in the fields of history and anthropology have conducted abundant researches on its origin and evolution(Peng,2004;Greif and Tabellini,2010),however,few scholars have applied management background to explore the impact of different traits of clan network on CSR,not to mention whether there are differences in the impact of different traits of clan network on CSR,and their internal reasons.Therefore,we try to discuss how the scale,strength,imprint and culture of clan network affect CSR and the internal influencing mechanism.This study provides evidence for the interaction between Chinese traditional and contemporary enterprise management from transition economies.Fourth,this paper innovatively examines the transmission mechanism of clan network affecting enterprise competitiveness.At present,a large number of literatures are discussing how to improve the competitiveness of enterprises,and the research on the impact of corporate social responsibility on the competitiveness of enterprises is controversial.Based on the perspective of sustainable development,some scholars find that the fulfillment of social responsibility is conducive to the improvement of the competitiveness of enterprises.Some scholars find that the fulfillment of social responsibility is not necessarily conducive to the improvement of the competitiveness of enterprises from the perspective of resource scarcity,and it may have an inhibitory effect.Based on the methods of literature review,field investigation and theoretical deduction,this paper summarizes and extracts for the first time the specific mechanism of clan network influencing the competitiveness of enterprises through CSR.Based on theoretical deduction,hypothesis deduction and empirical test,policy Suggestions are obtained.Based on the current research status,this paper has a certain pioneering significance to the research on the influence of clan network on enterprise competitiveness.